Marriage and Belle S Husband free essay sample

Belle and her husbands. Belle and her husband live together but seem to inhabit deferent worlds apart from the home they share and the community in which they live. Inside themselves, a complex array of thoughts and emotions stir, torturing them all and complicating all their lives. Divide by Two by Francisco Recall is not Just a peep into a moment of a married couple It Is a trickily structured short story, an artistic execution of the Iceberg Theory. The focus is on Belles husband, the narrator of the story.By zeroing in on how he aerates the story, one takes a closer view of what really happens in their home, and what his real relationship with his wife Is. Also, by understanding what he feels and thinks, one understands the meaning behind the title and the symbolisms manifested In the literary work. The story Is eighty percent dialogue consisting of mostly repetitive structure as regards to how Belles husband relates the story I said, Belle said. We will write a custom essay sample on Marriage and Belle S Husband or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Apparently. It wasnt written to show who said what. The repetition gave itself away and that it wasnt geared neither toward information nor clarification.Instead. It Is to signify separation. They were two different beings, not united. Not one. Another example took place when he went to his room to get some clothes. DO Actually, he never referred to this room as our room. It was they he and Belle who were divided by two. Apparently, he Isnt paying attention to what Belle was saying. He keeps on asking her to repeat. His body feels exhausted and whatever Belle was saying doesnt interest him as much as the sound of the piano music which Wife Y was playing did.In almost every movement or his change of loci, his sense of he house is marked by how clear he heard the piano music, The Turkish March from Mozart Piano Sonata No. 1 1 . to make the right decision to maximize personal gains Len this story, the theme for me is about the problems of a couple, especially husband and wife, In this story, I think It is Like having two wifes or husband, or Like having an affair with someone even though you already have our husband or wife. She Is no Turk but she keeps playing the Turkish March, Belle said.Even his awareness of Belle is magnified by the piano music, or the lack of it. I wondered why now the words kept ringing clear to me. Then I felt and sensed that the piano had been stilled. Suddenly the night was silent, suddenly the air was still. But what Belle was trying to bring into his consciousness might have been of critical importance. The story Jumpstarted abruptly, introducing the situation without further ado, a sign that the problem was of considerable Intensity. Yet he took It as something close to hokum, if anything at all. When the piano music stops, he turned on his music player.I rose from the lounging chair. I walked to the globe-traveler near the wall outlet, plugged the cord in and snapped the lid open. Belle followed me. I was playing the range disk for music when Belled leaned forward and snapped the Lid shut. Again. 1 OFF personal audio tracks. If he does, he could have done so even while the piano music Nas still on. Instead, he turns on his music player because the piano music stopped. Nat he might have wanted was a distraction, a reason not to listen to Belle. But Belle is quick in cutting him off from another source of distraction. And thus he is forced to listen.Belle thinks ill of Wife Y and points out that that Wife Y must have hated her and her friendliness or Husband Axs friendliness toward her. But Belles husband doesnt think its appropriate either. She doesnt like me. Belle said. And she doesnt like anyone to like me When he gave me flowers from her garden, I dont think she liked that. Who would? I asked. Maybe the flowers werent such a good idea either. He was only being friendly as I was, Belle said. Oh, yes, I said. Out again, he doesnt want anything to do with Belles complaints, claiming that he doesnt know them as much as Belle did.But Belle thinks otherwise. Oh, you do, too, Belle said. Mimi ride with them too sometimes. I did that only once, I said. I rode with them on the front seat. She tapped him on the thigh when she got off at Pavilion 2. That was the last time. Did that bother you? Belle asked. Not that in itself, I said. Only the demonstrativeness: as if to show that she is his and he is hers. This is a critical point. Readers are already aware of Belles friendliness toward Husband X as suggested by the flowers. But Belles husband somehow shows a little more room for thought as regards to the gap between him and Belle.If the demonstrativeness didnt really bother him, there is no need to mention it. And then Belle criticizes Wife Yes demonstrativeness in short shorts Nile puttering about her garden. To which her husband retorts that Belle herself didnt follow rules of conduct when she went visiting the other cottages with Husband Y several times, to which Belle responds that it was Just a fulfillment of neighborly duties. Then Belle points out that the other couples lawn is bigger than theirs. Because of this, the husband is again forced to pay attention. He looks out the Endow. It is eight forty-five and isnt too dark to see the adobe markers.But what mess to appeal to his eyes are the specter-like presence of the flowers, which were already attributed to Wife Y. He reasons out that that might be so because she needed more land for her flowers. But Belle complains again, saying there is an unfair division of lawns. This time, her husband snaps and begins to insult Husband You mean the halves are not equal? The halves are not halves? I asked. Whats the matter with you? Belle said. Whats the matter with him? I asked. Isnt he a doctor of mathematics or something? A fine doctor of mathematics hes turned out to be if he cant even divide by two! Whats eating you? Belle asked. Maybe he should have brought a survey team with him and used a transit, a plumb line, and a pole, I said. Maybe he could divide by two then. Maybe he could even divide by ten. The husband cant repress his annoyance anymore. And when he still Not deal with Husband X, Belle threatens to settle the matter herself. Again, he is left with no choice but to approach Husband X, using a rather impersonal method. Using their dusty (apparently unused) typewriter, he write a note to Husband X. AS he types the note, he can hear Mozart Marriage of Figaro from the other house dado-phonograph and he thinks Mathematics and Mozart. Mozart and Mathematics. The Turkish March and Marriage and Figaro were both Mozart, which Nerve referred to as a predilection of Wife Y, and Husband X is a doctor of mathematics. Looking closely, he doesnt seem to think of the Juxtaposition of mathematics and music compatible. Anta sends the note to the next house. By handing Husband X the note, they have passed the point of no return. When the inevitable comes, the two men decide to talk outside. There is a rather illogical state of verbal exchanges, mostly on Belles husbands side.But they dont talk much of the adobe blocks or the act of putting them there as boundaries. Instead, what takes place is an outburst of outrage coming from somewhere uncharted. And in the heat of the situation, Belle rises and declares Near. And finally, it is Belle whom her husband needs to settle matters with, anyway. It is worth noting that Belle keeps on seeing Wife Y as a nemesis while her husband always defends her. Belles husband didnt seem to like Husband X but Belle keeps on defending him. It is an unfortunate situation, but it makes the distance between the husband and wife make sense.Whether it is difficult to point out which between the attraction between Belle and Husband X or the hidden desire of Belles husband toward Wife Y was stronger, it is of no doubt that the division of the two couples relationship is caused by their inability to set proper boundaries and infidelity. Divide by Two is indeed tricky, its symbolisms vast and multifaceted. However, one only needs to see how miscommunication and misunderstanding breaks human relationships to get a glimpse of what people should avoid. This, among others, could be the reason behind the story existence.

Addressing International Legal and Ethical Issues Essays - Authority

Addressing International Legal and Ethical Issues Essays - Authority Addressing International Legal and Ethical Issues LAW/421 August 31, 2015 Addressing International Legal and Ethical Issues The U.S. based Pharmaceutical Company CadMex and Candore based company Gentura are entering into an international partnership with each other in this simulation. Cadmex will lend its resources to Gentura in order to expand the companys global reach and capital. What are the issues involved in resolving legal disputes in international transactions? Candore is a small dictatorship country located near in the Asian pacific, which is also home to Gentura. The dictatorship also lends some economic and political issues that CadMex must become very familiar with. The legal issues involved are the fact the government is somewhat unstable and unpredictable. The country is also not a part of the World Trade Organization, so the contract had to be amended once they were accepted into the organization. Also, there is a ethical issue involving religion of some of the workers in the factory in Candore who refuse to shave during one week in July that has to be settled. What are some practical considerations of taking legal action against a foreign business partner based in another country? Some of the practical considerations of taking legal action against a foreign business partner based in another country are that you have to take account for the political policies of the country you are doing business. That country may also face a major economic, political crisis, or health crisis that can put your business transactions at risk. You may also want to consider possible litigation with the business you are considering entering into contract with and what laws may prevent or hinder those processes. What factors could work against CadMex's decision to grant sublicensing agreements? Time is a major factor involved with granting sublicensing agreements to other companies. CadMex and Gentura would have to provide training and make sure that each factory adheres to its standards. All of this time associated with these new companies would be very costly to the companys profit margin. When the local customs and laws conflict with the customs and laws of an organization operating abroad, which should prevail? Explain why. The customs and laws of the organization should not cause trouble when it comes to the local customs and laws because it is the local individuals that are employed by the company. The local customs and laws should be taken into consideration when putting together operating procedures of any company abroad. There will always be conflicts when operating in different countries, but a well prepared business will handle them appropriately. How would you compare the issues in this simulation to the domestic legal issues discussed in your Week 1 readings? How should companies resolve domestic and international issues differently? To compare domestic issues with international issues can be somewhat hard but they are very similar in many ways they both can be handled through ADR. Even though the organization in which the ADR is handled is a little different and the rules are too the process is the same it. An independent party either mediates, or arbitrates an agreement between two parties.

Caring for Children and Adolescents Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Caring for Children and Adolescents - Assignment Example The idea that one of the best ways to combat the dangers associated with teen drinking is to step up enforcement is certainly a tempting one. Firstly, it comes from and invokes a great deal of time-honored tradition – the idea of using punishments for prescribed acts has been a fundamental part not just of many of the most important legal traditions in the world, but is also still heavily used in the parenting of children of a wide variety of ages. It simply makes sense that if the consequences for being caught drinking are significant, they will out-weigh Furthermore, there is a legitimate argument for the idea that having no or minimal enforcement for a law or policy, such as forbidding teen drinking, implicitly condones such actions, and that to demonstrate seriousness about fighting teen drinking, we must make the consequences of doing so severe. These arguments are especially valid when discussing one of the root enablers of underage drinking: adults willing to sell or pr ovide alcohol to minors. As drinking under the legal limit is (obviously) illegal, every time a teenager drinks there is always an adult who was willing to sell liquor to them or give it to them despite their young age, or who failed to do due diligence by guaranteeing identification was true and accurate. The adults who do this have been trusted by society because they are considered mature enough to understand the consequences of their actions, so if they are mature enough to by alcohol they should be mature enough to ensure it does not reach the hands of under-age drinkers; if they fail to do so then they should be prepared to face the consequences of their actions, even if they are serious. Finally, putting constraints on associated activities, like establishing a curfew, can give law enforcement justification for interrupting dangerous behavior and getting teenagers home safe. There are many reasons to consider enforcement improvements could reduce the harm from teenage drinkin g.

What is the Major Role of Police in Society Assignment

What is the Major Role of Police in Society - Assignment Example A democratic police force fundamentally enforces the rule of law equally among the members of the society, rather than the rule of those persons in power or with power. Police community relations function as an adjunct or as an alternative to the centralized, bureaucratic model of policing, where neutrality and efficiency are valued (Police and Democracy, 2001, n.p.). Police members are encouraged to view themselves as part of the community and help in solving the problems of the community. Community policing emphasizes the social service and order maintenance role of the police. The underlying assumption of police-community relations is that the police would be more effective in doing its duties by immersing itself in the concerns of the community and if it has the support of and inputs from the community. The justice system in the United States operates under two levels - the federal and state levels. The state justice system basically covers prosecutions of most law violations except those offenses that concern federal government employees, crimes committed across state lines and fraud involving the national government which is covered by the federal justice system. In turn, the justice system is differentiated between the liabilities involved, whether it be criminal or civil. Criminal trials happen when the government prosecutes an individual for violating the rights and security of another individual or the society as a whole. Civil trials involve the settlement of disputes between two parties. In addition to the civilian courts, there is the military justice system which has jurisdiction over offenses committed by military members. There are also a number of Native American or American Indian justice systems which settles disputes between members of various American Indian tribes. The police selection processes have a great impact on police-community relations as the system of recruitment and its purposes will affect how effective the police will be in gaining or maintaining support from the community. Recruitment of members of the police force (or the selection of the police chief for example that takes into consideration the situation of the community) would very much aid in the smooth maintenance of the police-community relationship. For example, if a community is composed mostly of black people, it makes sense to have a police force where its membership reflects the racial make-up of the community. Similarly, recruitment if it has to take consideration of police-community relations, must first look into the recruitment of immediate members of the local community, rather from the outside of the community in question. Â  

Discuss 3 health promotion opportunities applicable Assignment

Discuss 3 health promotion opportunities applicable - Assignment Example The health problems that the patients were facing occurred due to excessive alcohol usage, excessive smoking, as well as obesity. A couple of patients underwent lung failure due to smoking whereas others were suffering from liver inflammation due to excessive alcohol usage and obesity. Fortunately, all the patients were in normal mental state therefore communication was easier. The patients primarily required counseling and amendments in daily habits. While entering a clinical placement, everything seems to take a completely different meaning. Life of patients depends upon the interventions and actions provided by healthcare professionals. During my interaction with all my patients, they began to express their experiences and medical history with me. The patients seemed to have fear of physical dependence and such fears must be addressed through communication, counseling, and compassion. Hope and moral support was vital in order to deal with such cases. When it comes to placement setting, if learners do not feel supported in the environment then it becomes difficult to participate in necessary communication for patients care and learning objective of students. The placement setting of ABC Nursing Home was more organized and the staff was very cooperative. The staff assigned wards and patients to us. Furthermore, they ensured that all learners receive handover sheets and tea breaks with other team members. Staff assigned responsibilities such as setting up the environment and trolley, comforting and positioning the patients, reviewing the policy and order etc. These two factors proved to be positive contributors in personal learning. Smoking is known to have severe effects on individuals. In UK, nearly 100,000 deaths are caused by smoking. The major health effects of smoking include coronary heart disease, cancer, cerebrovascular disease, as well as

Transition Elements And Coordination Compounds Biology Essay

Transition Elements And Coordination Compounds Biology Essay As we know, Manganese is found in the first row of transition metal with the electron configuration [Ar] 3d5 4s2. Besides that, Manganese has different type of oxidation states when it appears as a compound and the oxidation state is from Mn(-III) until Mn(VII). So, we know that the compounds of manganese range in the oxidation number have a different of 10 electrons. In the experiment 1, we prepare tris(acetylacetonato)manganese(III), Mn(acac)3 by using manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate and potassium permanganate act as oxidation agent to oxidise manganese(II) chloride to acetylacetonemanganese(III). Manganese(III) acetylacetonate is an one- electron oxidant. Manganese(III) acetylacetonate is high spin. It has also a distorted octahedral structure. This distortion is due to the Jahn-Teller effect. (Absolute Astronomy, 2009). The structure of Manganese(III) acetylacetonate is shown as below:- (Source: Tcieurope.com) The equation is as follow:- MnCl2 + 4H2O Mn(H2O)4Cl2 Mn(H2O)4] Cl + 2HC5H7O2 + NaC2H3O2 Mn(C5H7O2)2 + NaCl + HC2H2O2 4Mn(C5H7O2)2 + KMnO4 + 7HC5H7O2 + HC2H3O2 5Mn(C5H7O2)3 + KC2H3O2 + 4H2O Furthermore, bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV) is also known as Vanadyl acetylacetonate, VO(acac)2. As we know, it is a blue green complex. bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV) has a vanadyl group, VO2+. The vanadyl group is bonded to 2 acetylacetonate anions and the structure of the compound is as follow:- This complex can be made from vanadium(IV) or vanadium(V). In our experiment, bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV) was prepared from vanadium(V) oxide and the equation is as follow:- V2O5 + 2H2SO4 + EtOH 2VOSO4 + 3H2O + CH3CHO VOSO4 + 2HC5H7O2 + Na2CO3 VO(C5H7O2)2 + Na2So4 + H2O + CO2 (Absolute Astronomy, 2009) Besides that, both of the acetylacetonato (acac) groups of bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV) are able to be exchanged with organic ligands having coordinating atoms of different potentialities. (Maurya, 2003) Both Manganese(III) acetylacetonate and bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV) are bond with acetylacetonate which known as ligand. The precursor for acetylacetonate is acetylacetone with formula CÂ ­5H8O2. However, acetylacetonate is an anion. It can bind to corresponding cation but it very hard to exist as a free ion in solution. In addition, Cobalt is a hard, gray metal. It has a proton number 27. Besided that, there are two types of cobalt ions namely Co2+ and Co3+. First, Co3+ ion is more weaker than the Co2+ ion. However, the complex ion formed with higher oxidation state is more stable. ( Â °zmir Institute of Technology, n.d.). So that, Cobalt(III) complexes are kinetically inert. Co3+ can undergo a process known as ligand exchange reactions slowly which compared to Co2+ complexes. The cobalt(III) complexes are usually in octahedral shape. In the experiment, chloropentaamminecobalt(III) chloride is being synthesized. The structure is as follow:- (Source: Chemicalbook.com) The complex is prepared by the oxidation of ammoniacal solution of cobalt(II) salts by using hydrogen peroxide. The formula is as follow:- Co2+ + NH4+ + 1/2H202 → [Co(NH3)5H20]3+ [Co(NH3)5H20]3+ + 3Cl- → [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 + H20 ( Â °zmir Institute of Technology, n.d.) Materials and Methods : Experiment one 5g of MnCl2.4H20 1.3g of NaC2H3O2.3H2O NaC2H3O2.3H2O Dissolved in 200cm3 of distilled water. 21cm3 of 2HC5H7O2 slowly added 1g of KMnO4 Present of two-phase layer Solution A added in with stirring Dissolved in 50cm3 of distilled water. 13g of NaC2H3O2.3H2O Solution B added in Solution A Solution B Dissolved in 50cm3 of distilled water. Heated with 60oC for 30 minutes Complex washed with acetone Solid complex filtered by suction Resultant solution was cooled with ice-cold water Experiment 2 Experiment 3 Recrystallise Results : For experiment 1, from the equation below, I can get the theoretical mass of the Mn(acac)3 solid complex by : Mn(H2O)4] Cl + 2HC5H7O2 + NaC2H3O2 Mn(C5H7O2)2 + NaCl + HC2H2O2 4Mn(C5H7O2)2 + KMnO4 + 7HC5H7O2 + HC2H3O2 5Mn(C5H7O2)3 + KC2H3O2 + 4H2O From the equation, we know that 1 mol of Mn(H2O)4] Cl = 1 mol of Mn(C5H7O2)2. So, 5 g of Mn(H2O)4] Cl = 0.0308 mol is also = 0.0308 mol of Mn(C5H7O2)2. From the second equation, 4 mol of Mn(C5H7O2)2 = 5 mol of Mn(acac)3 0.0308 mol of Mn(C5H7O2)2 = 0.0385 mol. Of Mn(acac)3 So, theoretical weight of Mn(acac)3 = 0.0385 mol X 252.938 g/mol theoretical weight of Mn(acac)3 = 9.7381 g The following shows the method to get our experimental weight: Weight of Sample tube 14. 8180 g Weight of Sample tube + solid complex , Mn(acac)3 18.7785 g So, the experimental weight of Mn(acac)3complexes were 3.9605 g Percentage yield of Mn(acac)3complexes we get was = 3.9605 g / 9.7381 g X 100 % = 40.67 % Next, Magnetic moment of Mn(acac)3complexes were calculated as follow : m = 0.9278g- 0.8193g = 0.1085g Ro= -33 L = 2.4cm R= 1165 (paramagnetic) CBal = 1 X(g) = [CBal X L X (R-Ro) ] / 109 X m X(g) of Mn(acac)3complexes = 2.65 X 10-5 So, Mn(acac)3complexes are paramagnetic FTIR Interpretation of IR spectrum for complexes will be written in discussion. For experiment 2, from the equation below, I can get the theoretical mass of the [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 solid complex by : Co2+ + NH4+ + 1/2H202 → [Co(NH3)5H20]3+ [Co(NH3)5H20]3+ + 3Cl- → [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 + H20 From the above equation, 1 mol of Co2+ = 1 mol of [Co(NH3)5H2O]3+ 12g of Co2+ = 0.0504 mol So 0.0504 mol of [Co(NH3)5H20]3+= 0.0504 mol of [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 Theoretical weight of [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 solid complexes = 0.0504 mol X 250.433 g/mol = 12.6218 g The following shows the method to get our experimental weight: Weight of Sample tube 14. 9285 g Weight of Sample tube + solid complex , 22.3723 g So, the experimental weight of [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 solid complexes = 7.4438 g Percentage yield of [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2complexes = 7.4438 g / 12.6218 g X 100 % = 58.98 % Next, Magnetic moment of [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2complexes were calculated as follow : m = 0.9264g- 0.8207g = 0.1057g Ro= -36 L = 2.1cm R= -41 (dimagnetic) CBal = 1 X(g) = [CBal X L X (R-Ro) ] / 109 X m X(g) of [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2complexes = -9.9338 X 10-8 So, [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2complexes are diamagnetic FTIR For experiment 3, from the equation below, I can get the theoretical mass of the [Vo(acac)2(H2O)] solid complex by : V2O5 + 2H2SO4 + EtOH 2VOSO4 + 3H2O + CH3CHO VOSO4 + 2HC5H7O2 + Na2CO3 VO(C5H7O2)2 + Na2So4 + H2O + CO2 From the above equation, 1 mol of V2O5 = 2 mol of VOSO4 2g 0f V2O5 = 0.011 mol = 0.022 mol of VOSO4 2 mol of VOSO4 = 2 mol of VO(C5H7O2)2 Theoretical weight of VO(C5H7O2)2= 0.022 mol X 264.94 g/mol = 5.8287 g The following shows the method to get our experimental weight: Weight of Sample tube 14.8445 g Weight of Sample tube + solid complex , 18.5818 g So, the experimental weight of VO(C5H7O2)2= 3.7373 g Percentage yield of VO(C5H7O2)2= 3.7373 g / 5.8287 g X 100% = 64.12% Next, Magnetic moment of impure VO(C5H7O2)2 complexes were calculated as follow : m = 0.8880g 0.8244 g = 0.0636g Ro= -34 L = 2.5cm R= 72 (paramagnetic) CBal = 1 X(g) = [CBal X L X (R-Ro) ] / 109 X m X(g) of impure VO(C5H7O2)2complexes = 4.17 X 10-6 So, VO(C5H7O2)2complexes are paramagnetic Magnetic moment of pure VO(C5H7O2)2 complexes were calculated as follow : m = 0.8947g -0.8211 = 0.0736g Ro= -33 L = 2.3cm R= 144 (paramagnetic) CBal = 1 X(g) of pure VO(C5H7O2)2complexes = 5.53 X 10-6 FTIR Interpretation of IR spectrum for complexes will be written in discussion. Impure VO(C5H7O2)2 Pure VO(C5H7O2)2 Discussion : Interpretation of IR spectrum for tris(acetylacetonato)manganese(III): Wavenumber (cm-1) Description of bands 2921.1 2959.7 -relative intensity : weak CH stretching of CH3 1593.9 1508.0 -relative intensity : strong -(C=C) stretching -(C=CH) deformation 1387.2 -relative intensity : strong -(CH3)- symmetric C-H deformation 1253.5 -relative intensity : strong -(C=C) stretching -(C-CH3) stretching 1016.8 -relative intensity : strong -(CH3) out-of plane bending 923.2 -relative intensity : strong -(C-CH3) stretching 777.0 -relative intensity : strong -(C-H)deformation 678.1 -relative intensity : medium/ strong -(C-CH3)stretching,(O=C-CH3) deformation -(Mn-O) stretching indicates metal-ligand bond 460.1 relative intensity : weak (C=C) stretching,(C-CH3) stretching -(Mn-O) stretching that also indicatesmetal-ligand bond Interpretation of IR spectrum for chloropentaamminecobalt(III) chloride: Wavenumber (cm-1) Description of bands 3258.0 -relative intensity : strong NH3stretch 1576.2 -relative intensity : medium -degenerate asymmetric NH3stretching 1307.8 -relative intensity : strong -symmetric NH3angle deformation 844.9 -relative intensity : strong -NH3rocking 487.6 -(Co-Cl) stretching indicates metal-ligand bond Interpretation of IR spectrum for impure bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV): Wavenumber (cm-1) Description of bands 1556.8 1521.0 -relative intensity : medium (C=O) stretching -( C=C),(C=CH) stretching 1418.7 -relative intensity : medium -(CH3) deformation 1374.0 1357.6 -relative intensity : strong -(C=O) stretching -(CH3) deformation mode 1286.6 -relative intensity : strong -(C=C=C) stretching 998.2 -relative intensity : strong and sharp -stretching of V=O bond -it also indicates the metal-ligand bond. 1018.6 -relative intensity : strong -(CH3) rocking 936.1 -relative intensity : strong -(C-CH3) stretching -(C=O) stretching 798.6 -relative intensity : medium -(C-H) out-of-plane bending 685.9 657.2 -relative intensity : medium/ weak -(ring) deformation out-of-plane bending for: 609.2 -(ring) deformation Interpretation of IR spectrum for pure bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV): Wavenumber (cm-1) Description of bands 1563.0 1520.0 -relative intensity : medium (C=O) stretching -( C=C),(C=CH) stretching 1499.6 -relative intensity : medium -(CH3) deformation 1380.0 1349.0 -relative intensity : strong -(C=O) stretching -(CH3) deformation mode 1288.3 -relative intensity : strong -(C=C=C) stretching 995.0 -relative intensity : strong and sharp -stretching of V=O bond -it also indicates the metal-ligand bond. 1018.2 -relative intensity : strong -(CH3) rocking 935.7 -relative intensity : strong -(C-CH3) stretching -(C=O) stretching 798.8 798.0 -relative intensity : medium -(C-H) out-of-plane bending 686.0 -relative intensity : medium/ weak -(ring) deformation out-of-plane bending for: 609.7 -(ring) deformation FTIR is known as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. This FTIR can be used to identify different types of chemical bond which is either organic compound or inorganic compound. So no two different compounds will have same spectrum. However, FTIR may cause destructive to our sample compare to magnetic susceptibility which is non-destructive. Besides that, magnetic susceptibility can be group by paramagnetic, diamagnetic and ferromagnetic. Paramagnetic substance is those attracted by strong magnetic field but those repelled by magnetic field are diamagnetic substances. Besides that, we can also confirm the shape by using magnetic susceptibility. The Cobalt ion to form Chloropentaamminecobalt(III) chloride has 6 electron in d orbital. According to crystal field theory, if the complex is in octahedral shape, the electron can be arranged like below:- Low-spin high-spin eg eg t2g t2g If the complex is in tetrahedral shape, the electron are arranged as below:- t2g eg Magnetic Susceptibility for chloropentaamminecobalt(III) chloride is -9.9338 X 10-8 and it is diamagnetic. Only the low-spin octahedral shape shows diamagnetic properties, so the shape of chloropentaamminecobalt(III) chloride is octahedral. Furthermore, for tris(acetylacetonato)manganese(III), the Mn3+ ion has 4 electron in d orbital, and the arrangement in octahedral shape will as follows:- Low-spin High-spin eg eg t2g t2g For the arrangement in tetrahedral shape, the electrons are arranged as below:- t2g eg Magnetic Susceptibility for tris(acetylacetonato)manganese(III) is 2.65 X 10-5 and it is paramagnetic. So the shape of tris(acetylacetonato)manganese(III) is octahedral. However we cannot determine whether is low-spin or high-spin in this situation because we are not calculating the pairing energy for the complex. In addition, there is only one electron in d orbital for vanadium ion of bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV). Magnetic susceptibility for it is 4.17 X 10-6 and it is paramagnetic. The shape is octahedral and the arrangement of electron is as follow:- eg t2g Acetylacetonate is delocalized and formed resonance structure as follow : The structure of Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 is as follow : The structure of [VO(ACAC)2] is as follow : Moreover, oxovanadium complexes act as insulin mimetics, nucleolytic and anticancer. To recognize insulin- mimetic complexes, a simple and fast in-vitro assay is developed. Besides that, an accurate assessment of the cells taken up of glucose, in-vitro assay with Ehrlich can be used. The oxovanadium complexes can cleave DNA without the present of hydrogen peroxide. Then, its nucleolytic efficiency is also greater but it is affected by the choice of buffer and pH. The oxovanadium complexes is also an anticancer agent against human ovarian cancer. Actually, I have acquired a lot of new knowledge among these three experiments. First, experiment one and two are easier to carry out compared to experiment three. This is because experiment one and two involved oxidation which Mn2+ was oxidized to Mn3+ ; Co2+ was oxidized to Co3+. Whereas experiment 3 involved reduction which reduced VO5+ to VO4+. At the beginning of each experiments, we heated up the sample in open air. It is easier to oxidize the compound than reduce the compound in the presence of oxygen. So, we need more time to heated the V2O5. During the first time of experiment three, I failed to get a blue color solid powder. This is because I heated the sample in the open air and I failed to control the heater. So, after the filtration process, I got a white solid powder. Therefore, I learnt from the mistake and during the second time I used reflux method. This time I can control the heating process well. The ethanol was not evaporated much. After filtration, I got quite a lot of blue solid powder. So, I knew that, for reduction process, we cannot heat the sample too quickly and heat too long. If we heated too long, most of the product will evaporate. Next, from the FTIR spectrum, I can observe that the spectrum from the first and third experiment are quite similar. This is because, the peak from the spectrum are mostly from the acetylacetonato (acac). However, spectrum from experiment two is quite different from other experiment because mostly the peaks come from Cl compared to other experiments. The percentage yield of the complexes from all the three experiment that I have calculate out was not so high. This is maybe due to the washing of the product with acetone, some of the product was dissolved and washed away. However, there are other factors which cause problem to our results. First, most of the heating plate we used cannot function well. I changed many heating plate during the experiment. Next, we have kept our half way done sample for more than 7 days. The results may not be so accurate anymore. Another factor maybe due to the volume and amount of the sample and other material we measure are not accurate. Our product may contain some impurities. However, some of the precaution was taken during the experiment. In these experiments, some of the chemical was corrosive and poisonous such as concentrated HCl and H2SO4. So, we poured the chemical carefully in the fume board. Next, before using any instrument, we read through the manual to understand the steps to function the magnetic susceptibility balance. We also taken down some important steps to function the FTIR spectrophotometer. I have asked some help from lab assistant on where to get the material for experiment. Conclusion : The percentage yield for tris(acetylacetonato)manganese(III) is 40.67%, chloropentaamminecobalt(III) chloride is 58.98% and (acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV) is 64.12%. For tris(acetylacetonato)manganese(III), the peak for two Mn-O bond are at the region approximately 678.1 cm-1 and 458.3 cm-1. For chloropentaamminecobalt(III) chloride, the peak for Co-N bond is at 669.2 cm-1 while Co-Cl bond is at 486.2 cm-1. For bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV), the peak for V=O bond is at 997.4 cm-1 region. Magnetic Susceptibility for tris(acetylacetonato)manganese(III) is 2.65 x 10-5 and it is paramagnetic. Besides, Magnetic Susceptibility for chloropentaamminecobalt(III) chloride is -9.93x 10-8 and is diamagnetic. For bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV), magnetic susceptibility for impure complex and pure complex are 4.17X 10-6 and 5.53X 10-6 respectively. They are paramagnetic.

Lynching: African American and People Essay

Some races faced racism in the cruelest of ways. â€Å"The Lynching† by Claude McKay describes the horror of being a black person in the south at that time peroid. The poem is also describes death, pain, and the suffering lynching caused to others. â€Å"His father by the cruelest ways of pain.† This quote â€Å"his father by the cruelest ways of pain† describes pain. It is saying that lynching was very painful by saying it was by the cruelest way of pain. The cruelest way of pain doesn’t mean lynching is so cruel even though hanging a person is very cruel. It’s saying that the people who committed the pain did it for the cruelest reason of pain, or in this case murder, which was the reason of racism. â€Å"His sprit ascended into high heaven†. This quote symbolizing the death of any person who was lynched by any person. The quote â€Å"His spirit ascended into high heaven† is saying in a religious term that the people who were lynched and were murdered were going someplace better than a discriminating world that still does the same thing; now its all wide spread. It also means that the people who had died went to heaven meaning that they were pure of heart and didn’t do anything wrong. This quote represents the good people these people were and the innocent people. â€Å"The women thronged to look by never a one showed sorrow in her eyes of steely blue†. This quote is saying that others suffered from lynching too it could have showed anger. You can tell the poet is describing lynching because it saying the ghastly body swayed in the sun. You can infer that the poet thinks not all white people are bad. The lady who showed sadness had blue eyes you can infer she is white. Some races have experienced discrimination more than others but there is always one or a band of brave people who overcome this discrimination. Most of these times these people got assassinated but there point got through. Martin Luther King JR. who tried to end racism and discrimination. Martin Luther King JR. didn’t end discrimination but tried hard for it will never end. The victims are scapegoats or are just different. Claude McKay got his point out with many others by writing moving poetry pieces. McKay wrote â€Å"The Lynching† which expressed what some people did to innocent black people.