Mkt 421 Final Exam

1) According to the text, marketing means: A. Selling. B. Much more than selling and advertising. C. Producing and selling. D. Advertising. 2) For Tesla, a new firm that makes an electric sports car, estimating how many competitors will make electric vehicles and what kinds they will make, is: A. A production activity. B. One of the universal functions of innovation. C. An example of the micro-macro dilemma. D. A part of marketing. 3) Which of the following statements best describes the modern view of marketing? A. Marketing should take over production, accounting, and financial services within a firm.B. The job of marketing is to get rid of whatever the company is producing. C. Marketing is concerned with generating a single exchange between a firm and a customer. D. Marketing begins with anticipating potential customer needs. 4) Professional Dental Supply has been successfully selling dental instruments to dentists for the past 20 years, and has developed strong customer relations. When looking for new marketing opportunities, Professional Dental Supply will most likely look first at A. Market development. B. Diversification. C. Product development. D. Market penetration. ) To compete more successfully with its many competitors offering packaged cookies, Famous Amos added its own line of extra chunky premium cookies. This seems to be an effort at: A. Market development. B. Market penetration. C. Product development. D. Combination. 6) Which of the following statements regarding marketing strategies is FALSE? A. Developing successful marketing strategies does not need to be a hit-or-miss proposition. B. These strategies must meet the needs of target customers, and a firm is likely to get a competitive advantage if it just meets needs in the same way as some other firm. C.These strategies require decisions about the specific customers the firm will target and the marketing mix the firm will develop to appeal to that target market. D. It is useful to think of th e marketing strategy planning process as a narrowing-down process. 7) A firm's marketing mix decision areas would NOT include: A. Price B. People C. Product D. Promotion 8) Which of the following is true? A. The product P in the marketing mix stands for only tangible merchandise. B. The product P in the marketing mix stands for both physical goods and services. C. The product P in the marketing mix stands for both physical goods and tangible D.The product P in the marketing mix stands for only physical goods. 9) Product is NOT concerned with: A. Wholesale price. B. Branding. C. Packaging. D. Quality level. 10) Dell, Inc. wants to offer customers televisions in addition to computers. This is a change in their _____________________ A. personnel. B. promotional. C. product. D. pricing. 11) Hewlett-Packard sells personal computers through specialty computer stores, electronics superstores, and its own Internet site. The marketing mix variable that is being considered here is: A. Product . B. Placement. C. Promotional. D. Pricing. 2) The ______ area of the marketing mix is concerned with decisions about getting the right product to the target market when and where it is wanted. A. Promotion B. Place C. People D. Product 13) The main difference between a marketing strategy and a marketing plan is that: A. A marketing strategy provides more detail. B. A marketing strategy omits pricing plans. C. A marketing plan includes several marketing strategies. D. Time-related details are included in a marketing plan. 14) A marketing plan is: A. A marketing strategy—plus the time-related details for carrying it out. B. A target market and a related marketing mix.C. A marketing strategy. D. A marketing program. 15) Which of the following is part of a complete marketing plan? A. Competitors' marketing strategies. B. What company resources (costs) are required and at what rate. C. How different marketing mixes (for different target markets) relate to each other. D. All of th ese. 16) Marketing strategy planners should recognize that: A. Large firms like General Electric, Target, and Procter & Gamble are too large to aim at clearly defined markets. B. Target marketing is not limited to small market segments. C. Mass marketing is often very effective and desirable. D.Target markets should not be large and spread out. 17) Target marketing, in contrast to mass marketing, A. Ignores markets that are large and spread out. B. Focuses on fairly homogeneous market segments. C. Assumes that all customers are basically the same. D. Is limited to small market segments. 18) Good marketing strategy planners know that: A. Mass marketing is often very desirable and effective. B. The terms mass marketing and mass marketer mean basically the same thing. C. Target marketing does not limit one to small market segments. D. Firms like Nabisco and WalMart are too large to aim at clearly defined target markets. 9) ______________ is the process of naming broad product-markets a nd then segmenting these broad product-markets in order to select target markets and develop suitable marketing mixes. A. Mass marketing B. Market positioning C. Diversification D. Market segmentation 20) Clustering techniques applied to segmenting markets A. Usually require computers to group people based on data from market research. B. Remove the need for managerial judgment. C. Eliminate the need for marketing managers to specify in advance what dimensions might be relevant for grouping consumers. D. All of the above are true. 1) The process of naming broad product-markets and then segmenting them in order to select target markets and develop suitable marketing mixes is called: A. Market development. B. Market penetration. C. Market research. D. Market segmentation. 22) Procedures that develop and analyze new information to help marketing managers make decisions are called: A. Analytical research. B. Strategy planning. C. Marketing research. D. Operational planning. 23) ________ ________ ________________ utilizes qualitative and quantitative analysis procedures to help marketing managers make more informed decisions. A. Marketing structure.B. Marketing planning. C. Marketing research. D. Marketing processing. 24) A ______________ is an organized way of continually gathering and analyzing data to get information to help marketing managers make ongoing decisions. A. Marketing research project B. Marketing information system C. Marketing research department D. Marketing model 25) Marketing research which seeks structured responses that can be summarized is called: A. Qualitative research. B. Focus group research. C. Situation analysis research. D. Quantitative research. 26) One of the major disadvantages of the focus group interview approach is hat A. It is difficult to get in-depth information about the research topic. B. It is difficult to measure the results objectively. C. There is no interviewer, so the research questions may not be answered. D. Ideas gen erated by the group cannot be tested later with other research. 27) Focus groups: A. Always do a good job of representing the broader target market. B. Yield results that are largely dependent on the viewpoint of the researcher. C. Are expensive compared to other marketing research methods. D. Are usually composed of 10 to 15 people as participants. 28) The observing method in marketing research:A. Is used to gather data without consumers being influenced by the process. B. May require customers to change their normal shopping behavior. C. Is not suitable for obtaining primary data. D. Uses personal interviews. 29) The attitudes and behavior patterns of people are part of the A. Competitive environment. B. Social and cultural environment. C. Firm's resources and objectives. D. Political environment. 30) Which of the following statements about consumer products is true? A. Specialty products are those that customers usually are least willing to search for. B.Shopping products are tho se products for which customers usually want to use routinized buying behavior. C. Unsought products are not shopped for at all. D. Convenience products are those that customers want to buy at the lowest possible price. 31) ______________ is the process of naming broad product-markets and then segmenting these broad product-markets in order to select target markets and develop suitable marketing mixes. A. Mass marketing B. Strategic planning C. Market positioning D. Market segmentation 32) Which is the first step in market segmentation? A. Naming a broad product-market of interest to the firm.B. Evaluating market segments to determine if they are large enough. C. Finding one or two demographic characteristics to divide up the whole mass market. D. Clustering people with similar needs into a market segment. 33) The first step in market segmentation should be: A. Finding a demographic group likely to use your products. B. Defining some broad product-markets where you may be able to op erate profitably. C. Deciding what new product you could develop. D. Evaluating what segment(s) you currently serve. 34) Which of the following is NOT one of the text's product life cycle stages?A. Market introduction B. Market growth C. Market maturity D. Market penetration 35) The product life cycle: A. Applies more to individual brands than to categories or types of products. B. Shows that sales and profits tend to move together over time. C. Describes the stages a new product idea goes through from beginning to end. D. Has five major stages. 36) Tom and Sally Jones are preparing to purchase a new car. He currently has a Toyota Camry and she has a Honda Accord. They now have two children under age 5, so they plan to trade in Sally's car to purchase a minivan.Sally and Tom decided on a Honda Odyssey because Sally is familiar with Hondas and thinks they are very reliable. In this purchase situation, Tom and Sally's family life cycle stage is a _____________ segmentation dimension, and the benefit Sally seeks (reliability) is a _____________ segmentation dimension. A. Geographic; behavioral. B. Demographic; geographic. C. Geographic; demographic. D. Demographic; behavioral. 37) Regarding product life cycles, which of the following is NOT true? A. It is usually expensive for a new firm to enter in the market maturity stage. B.Industry profits are likely to level off or decline before sales level off. C. The level of promotion usually decreases in market maturity because there is less revenue to cover the cost. D. Many close substitutes are usually competing in the market maturity stage. 38) An industry's sales have leveled off and profits are declining in oligopolistic competition. Consumers see competing products as homogeneous. Several firms have dropped out of the industry, but a new one entered recently. Firms in the industry are trying to avoid price-cutting by spending on persuasive advertising.These firms are competing in which stage of the product life cycle? A. Market introduction B. Market growth C. Market maturity D. Market development 39) During the market introduction stage of the product life cycle: A. Funds are being invested in marketing with the expectation of future profits. B. Considerable money is spent on promotion while place development is left until later stages. C. Products usually show large profits if marketers have successfully carved out new markets. D. Most potential customers are quite anxious to try out the new-product concept. 40) Advertising allowances A.Set the allowance amount as a percent of the retailer's actual purchases. B. Are price reductions to firms further along in the channel to encourage them to advertise or otherwise promote the firm's products locally. C. Involve intermediaries and producers sharing in the cost of ads. D. Allow for coordination and integration of ad messages in the channel. 41) SGCA is having a sales contest to encourage retailers to quickly reduce the inventory of SuperGam er computers. Retailers with the highest sales during the next month win an expense paid trip to a special dealer meeting at a resort in Hawaii. This is A.An example of a producer using sales promotion in the channel. B. Probably illegal because it might encourage price competition among retailers. C. An example of cooperative advertising. D. The type of promotion that continues to impact sales even after the promotion is over. 42) While watching a television program, Liza gets a phone call just as a commercial is starting. She presses the mute button on the television's remote control and takes the call, so she pays no attention to the commercial. In terms of the communication process, the telephone call is an example of: A. Feedback. B. Noise. C. Encoding.D. Decoding. 43) A producer using very aggressive promotion to get final consumers to ask intermediaries for a new product has: A. A pushing policy. B. A target marketing policy. C. A pulling policy D. A selective distribution po licy. 44) American Tourister, Inc. —a producer of luggage—is planning to introduce a new product line. The marketing manager is having her sales force call on retailers to explain American Tourister's consumer advertising plans, the unique features of the new luggage, how the distributors can best promote it, and what sales volume and profit margins they can reasonably expect.This is an example of: A. A pushing policy. B. Intensive distribution. C. A pulling policy. D. Selective distribution. 45) Integrated direct-response promotion: A. Is not necessary or useful when the channel of distribution involves intermediaries. B. Is usually part of a pushing effort rather than part of a pulling approach. C. Focuses on achieving a measurable, direct response from specific target customers. D. None of these are true. 46) Which of the following statements about positioning is NOT TRUE? A. It helps marketing managers know how customers view the firm's offering. B.It refers to how customers think about proposed or present brands in a market. C. It often makes use of techniques such as perceptual mapping. D. Positioning issues are especially important when competitors in a market are very dissimilar. 47) When segmenting broad product-markets, cost considerations tend A. To lead to a large number of small, but very homogeneous, product-market segments. B. To lead to more aggregating. C. To encourage managers to disregard the criterion that a product-market segment should be substantial. D. To be unimportant as long as the segmenting dimensions are operational. 48) Positioning analysis A.Shows that managers and customers usually view present brands similarly. B. Is not a product-oriented approach. C. Helps managers understand the actual characteristics of their products. D. Is a visual aid to understanding a product-market. 49) A _____ is a market with very similar needs and sellers offering various close substitute ways of satisfying those needs. A. Product-ma rket B. Target market C. Generic market D. Standard market 50) Which of the following is NOT a trend affecting marketing strategy planning in the area of international marketing? A. Decreasing role of airfreight. B. Global communication over the Internet.C. Tensions between have and have-not cultures. D. More attention to exporting by small companies. 51) When a company grows globally, this is an example of: A. Market penetration. B. Diversification. C. Market development D. Product development. 52) Identify the incorrect statement about sales promotions. A. The availability of more ad agencies and specialists has spurred growth in sales promotions. B. Changes in technology have made sales promotions more efficient. C. Sales promotions have increased because of competition in emerging markets. D. Sales promotions can be used as tools to overcome consumer price resistance. 3) Which of the following is a key trend affecting marketing strategy planning? A. Growth of marketing informati on systems. B. Less use of technology in personal selling. C. Senior and ethnic submarkets are getting smaller. D. Slower new-product development. 54) It is usually the _________ job, perhaps with help from specialists in technology, to decide what types of sales technology tools are needed and how they will be used. A. Purchasing manager's B. Marketing executive's C. Sales manager's D. Procurement manager's 55) The future poses many challenges for marketing managers because: A.Social responsibility applies only to firms—not to consumers. B. New technologies are making it easier to abuse consumers' rights to privacy. C. It is marketing managers who have full responsibility to preserve our macro-marketing system. D. The marketing concept has become obsolete. 56) Many Internet sites, such as Autobytel. com and Edmunds. com, have extensive information about the prices of new and used vehicles that anyone can use for free. In light of the availability of this information, what is the responsibility of consumers to use it? A. Consumers should not trust any information they receive from any source except the government.B. Consumers should not use it because it gives them an unfair advantage over car dealers. C. Consumers can use it, but should not feel a responsibility to do so. D. Consumers have a responsibility to use the information and be smarter customers. 57) Which of the following statements about ethical behavior in business is true? A. The legal environment sets the normative standards of ethical behavior. B. The legal environment sets the highest standards of ethical behavior. C. The legal environment sets the minimum standards of ethical behavior D. The legal environment sets the maximum standards of ethical behavior.

Clients With Osteoporosis Questionnaire Health And Social Care Essay

Analysis of informations is a procedure of inspecting, cleansing, transforming, and patterning informations with the end of foregrounding utile information, proposing decisions, and back uping determination devising. This chapter deals with the analysis and reading of informations collected from 30 samples on clients with Osteoporosis at Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Science and Research. This survey was done with questionnaire, structured evaluation graduated table and experimental checklist. Data analysis was done by utilizing descriptive and illative statistical process. The points were scored after appraisal and rating and the consequences were tabulated. The statistical methods used for analysis were average, standard divergence, gestural trial and correlativity.Description OF THE TOOLSDetailss of the tools in this survey are as follows ;PART- IDemographic variablesDemographic variables include age, gender, educational position, business, household monthly income, matrimonial position, faith, household history of co- morbid disease, diet and bad wonts.PART- IIStructured Rating ScaleStructured evaluation graduated table of Index of Severity of Osteoporosis by Lequesne appraisal tool was used to place the betterment in the wellness position of clients with Osteoporosis.PART- IIIIt includes Experimental Checklist of nursing intercessions for client with Osteoporosis.REPORT OF THE PILOT STUDYThe pilot survey was conducted on July of 2010 to happen out the effectivity of n ursing attention on clients with Osteoporosis in Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Melmaruvathur, Kanchipuram District for a period of two hebdomads. A Index of Severity of Osteoporosis by Lequesne and was used by the research worker and used to happen out the dependability, cogency which was evaluated by the experts of the research commission. A convenient sampling technique was used to choose three samples by agencies of structured evaluation graduated table to measure the wellness position of clients with Osteoporosis. The nursing attention was provided as per the tool and wellness position was evaluated, eventually the research was analysed based on the mark. Therefore the nursing attention was extremely effectual on clients with Osteoporosis.CogencyThe tool was prepared by the research worker under the counsel of experts and on the footing of aims, which were assessed and evaluated, accepted by the experts of research commission. Content c ogency of this instrument was obtained from nursing experts.DependabilityThe dependability was checked by an interater method. The dependability was 0.80 by utilizing Cronbach & A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s expression. After the nursing attention was provided, gestural trial was used and found that nursing intercessions was effectual.INFORMED CONSENTThe research worker obtained written consent from the Managing Director, Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and from the Principal of Adhiparasakthi College of Nursing, Melmaruvathur. Oral consent was taken from the survey participant to carry on the survey. The information aggregation was done for six hebdomads by utilizing interview and experimental method.DATA COLLECTION PROCEDUREThe informations were collected from the Osteoporosis clients who were admitted in Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research in Orthopaedic ward for the six hebdomads of survey period. A good res onance was maintained with the clients in order to derive the co- operation of the clients throughout the survey. After roll uping demographic informations, appraisal was done with the aid of standardised evaluation graduated table. The nursing attention was given utilizing a experimental checklist. On the twenty-four hours of discharge the client & A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s wellness position was evaluated with the aid of same structured evaluation graduated table.SCORE INTERPRETATIONThe mark was interpretated as follows ; Mark reading = Obtained score ten 100 Entire markSCORE DESCRIPTIONDescriptionPercentageHealthy Mild wellness impairment Moderate wellness impairment Severe wellness impairment Less than 25 % 25- 50 % 50- 75 % More than 75 %STATISTICAL METHODS.No.DATA ANALYSISMethodRemark1 Descriptive statistics Frequency per centum, Mean, Standard divergence To depict the demographic variables. 2 Inferential statistics 1.Sign trial 2.Correlation Analyzing the effectivity between pre appraisal and station rating of wellness position of the clients with Osteoporosis. Correlation between selected demographic variables and rating of wellness position of clients with Osteoporosis. Data analysis and reading were done under following headers. Section- A: Distribution of selected demographic variables of clients with Osteoporosis. Section- B: Frequency and per centum distribution of wellness position of clients with Osteoporosis. Section- C: Comparison of mean and standard divergence of appraisal and rating mark of effectivity of nursing attention on clients with Osteoporosis. Section- D: Mean and standard divergence of betterment mark for clients with Osteoporosis SECTION- Tocopherol: Correlation between selected demographic variables and effectivity of nursing attention on clients with Osteoporosis.SECTION- A Table 4.1: Distribution of selected demographic variables of clients with OsteoporosisN= 30S.No.DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLESFrequencyPercentage1 Age ( In old ages ) 18- 32 33- 45 46- 58 & A ; gt ; 58 0 7 16 7 0 23.3 53.3 23.3 2 Gender Male Female 5 25 16.7 83.3 3 Education Status Illiterate Primary school Higher Secondary Graduate/ College 12 10 4 4 40 33.3 13.3 13.3 4 Occupation Employed Unemployed Retired Others 17 6 7 0 56.7 20.0 23.3 0 5 Family & A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s monthly Income ( in Rs. ) Up to 2000 2001- 4000 4001- 6000 Above 6001 7 11 6 6 23.3 36.7 20 20 6 Marital Status Married Unmarried Widow/ Widower Divorced 21 0 9 0 70 0 30 0 7 Religion Hindoo Christian Moslem Others 10 5 15 0 33.3 16.7 50.0 0 8 History of any co- morbid disease Osteoporosis Other Orthopaedic Problems None Both 15 5 9 1 50.0 16.7 30.0 3.3 9 Diet Vegetarian Non- Vegetarian 15 15 50 50 10 Bad Habits Alcohol Smoking Both None 3 2 4 21 10 6.7 13.3 70 Table 4.1 implies the distribution of respondents harmonizing to certain demographic factors such as age, gender, educational position, business, household monthly income, matrimonial position, faith, household history of carbon monoxide ; morbid disease, diet and bad wonts. Out of 30 clients 7 ( 23.3 per centum ) clients were in the age group 33- 45 old ages, 16 ( 53.3 per centum ) clients were in the age group of 46- 58 old ages, 7 ( 23.3 per centum ) clients were in the age group of above 58 old ages. Most of the clients, 16 ( 53.3 per centum ) were in the age group of 46- 58 old ages. Sing gender 5 ( 16.7 per centum ) of clients are male and 25 ( 83.3 per centum ) of clients are female. Majority of clients, 25 ( 83.3 per centum ) were females. Out of 30 clients 12 ( 40 per centum ) clients are illiterate, 10 ( 33.3 per centum ) clients completed primary school, 4 ( 13.3 per centum ) clients completed high school, and 4 ( 13.3 per centum ) clients are graduate / college. Most of the clients, 12 ( 40 per centum ) are illiterate. Sing business 17 ( 56.7 per centum ) of clients are employed and 6 ( 20 per centum ) of clients are unemployed and 7 ( 23.3 per centum ) are retired. Majority of clients, 17 ( 56.7 per centum ) are illiterate. In instance of household monthly income up to Rs. 2000/- was drawn by 7 ( 23.3 per centum ) clients, 11 ( 36.7 per centum ) had monthly income of Rs. 2001/- to Rs. 4000/- , 6 ( 20 per centum ) were in the income group of Rs. 4001/- to Rs. 6000/- and 6 ( 20 per centum ) clients had a monthly income of above Rs. 6000/- . Most of the clients, 11 ( 36.7 per centum ) had monthly income of Rs. 2001/- to Rs. 4000/- While analyzing the matrimonial position of clients 21 ( 70 per centum ) are married and 9 ( 30 per centum ) were widower/ widow. Most of the clients 21 ( 70 per centum ) are married. 10 ( 33.3 per centum ) of clients are Hindu were as 5 ( 16.7 per centum ) of clients are Christian and 15 ( 50 per centum ) are Muslim. Majority 15 ( 50 per centum ) of clients are Muslim. Out of 30 clients 15 ( 50 per centum ) clients are with co- household history of Osteoporosis, 5 ( 16.7 per centum ) clients are with household history of other orthopedic jobs, 9 ( 30 per centum ) clients are with no co- morbid disease and 1 ( 3.3 per centum ) is with both household history of Osteoporosis every bit good as other orthopedic jobs, Most of the clients, 15 ( 50 per centum ) clients are with household history of Osteoporosis. Sing diet 15 ( 50 per centum ) of clients are vegetarian and 15 ( 50 per centum ) of clients are non- vegetarian. While analyzing the bad wonts 3 ( 10 per centum ) of clients are holding the wont of devouring intoxicant and 2 ( 6.7 per centum ) are of clients with the wont of smoke, 4 ( 13.3 per centum ) are with both the wonts. 21 ( 70 per centum ) of clients do non hold any bad wonts. Majority of clients, 12 ( 70 per centum ) do non hold any bad wonts.SECTION- B Table 4.2: Frequency and per centum distribution of wellness position of clients with OsteoporosisN= 30.S.NoHealth STATUSAppraisalEvaluationNumberPercentageNumberPercentage1 Healthy 0 0 5 16.7 2 Mild wellness impairment 6 20 24 70 3 Moderate wellness impairment 22 73.3 1 3.3 4 Severe wellness impairment 2 6.7 0 0 Table 4.2 shows that at the clip of immediate station operative period wellness position of clients were assessed, out of 30 clients 2 ( 6.7 per centum ) were in terrible wellness impairment, 22 ( 73.3 per centum ) were in moderate wellness impairment and 6 ( 20 per centum ) are in mild wellness impairment. At the clip of discharge the wellness position of clients were evaluated, out of 30 clients 5 ( 16.7 ) were healthy, 24 ( 70 per centum ) are in mild wellness impairment, merely 1 ( 3.3 per centum ) are in moderate wellness impairment and 5 ( 16.7 per centum ) were healthy.Section- C Table 4.3: Comparison of mean and standard divergence of appraisal and rating mark of clients with OsteoporosisN= 30.S.No.Health STATUSMeanStandardDeviationCONFIDENCE INTERVAL1 Appraisal 30.8 3.06 31.28- 28.2 2 Evaluation 16.96 3.94 17.96- 14.44 Table 4.3 indicates assessment average value 30.8 with standard divergence of 3.06 and rating mean value 16.96 with standard divergence of 3.94.SECTION- D Table 4.4 Mean and standard divergence of betterment mark for clients with OsteoporosisN= 30.S.No.Health STATUSMeanStandard DEVIATIONSecondValueKValue1 Improvement mark 13.83 3.64 2 5.38 **p & A ; lt ; 0.05 degree of significance Table 4.4 shows that betterment score average with 13.83 and standard divergence of 3.64. The K value is 2 and S value is 5.38. Since the deliberate value is greater than table value, it implies that there was statistically extremely important betterment in wellness position of clients with Osteoporosis after the post- operative nursing attention at 0.05 degree of significance. Thus the nursing attention on clients with Osteoporosis was effectual.Section- E Table 4.5: Correlation between the selected demographic variables with the effectivity of nursing attention of clients with Osteoporosis.S.No.DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLESAppraisalEvaluationRSevere wellness impairmentModerate wellness impairmentModerate wellness impairmentMild wellness impairmentNo.%No%No%No%1 Age ( In old ages ) 18- 32 33- 45 46- 58 & A ; gt ; 58 0 1 0 1 0 3.3 0 3.3 0 6 10 6 0 20 3.3 20 0 1 0 0 0 3.3 0 0 0 6 16 7 0 20 53.3 23.3 -0.3 2 Gender Male Female 0 2 0 6.7 3 19 10 63.3 0 1 0 3.3 5 24 16.7 80 -0.8 3 Education Status Illiterate Primary school Higher Secondary Graduate/ College 1 0 0 1 3.3 0 0 3.3 9 6 4 3 30 20 13.3 10 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3.3 12 10 4 3 40 33.3 13.3 10 0.4* 4 Occupation Employed Un- employed Retired Others 4 2 0 0 13.3 6.7 0 0 12 4 6 0 40 13.3 20 0 1 0 0 0 3.3 0 0 0 16 6 7 0 53.3 20 23.3 0 -0.1 5 Family & A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s monthly Income ( in Rs. ) Up to 2000 2001- 4000 4001- 6000 6001- 8000 0 1 0 1 0 3.3 0 3.3 5 8 4 5 16.7 26.7 13.3 16.7 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3.3 7 11 6 5 23.3 36.7 20 16.7 0.3 6 Marital Status Married Unmarried Widow/ Widower Divorced 1 0 1 0 3.3 0 3.3 0 16 0 6 0 53.3 0 20 0 1 0 0 0 3.3 0 0 0 20 0 9 0 66.7 0 30 0 -0.1 7 Religion Hindoo Christian Moslem Others 1 1 0 0 3.3 3.3 0 0 6 3 13 0 20 10 43.3 0 1 0 0 0 3.3 0 0 0 9 5 15 0 30 16.7 50 0 -0.2 8 Family history of any co- morbid disease Osteoporosis Other orthopedic jobs None Both 2 0 0 0 6.7 0 0 0 10 5 7 0 33.3 16.7 23.3 0 0 1 0 0 0 3.3 0 0 14 5 9 1 46.7 16.7 30 3.3 -0.2 9 Diet Vegetarian Non- vegetarian 1 1 3.3 3.3 11 11 36.7 36.7 14 15 46.7 50 1 0 3.3 0 -0.2 10 Bad wonts Alcohol Smoking Both None 0 1 0 1 0 3.3 0 3.3 1 1 1 19 3.3 3.3 3.3 63.3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 3 2 4 20 30 6.7 13.3 16.7 0.1 **p & A ; lt ; 0.05 degree of significance Table 4.5 indicates that there was statistically no important correlativity between selected demographic variables like age, gender, business, household monthly income, matrimonial position and faith, household history of co- morbid disease, diet and bad wonts. There is important correlativity in educational position.

Breast Cancer Essay Example for Free (#3)

Breast Cancer Essay Is it true that wearing ‘underwired’ brassieres bring about cancer? Can breast cancer be treated? Are there signs and symptoms that individuals can check to know if breast cancer really occurs in them? These are just some of the essential questions that this paper will attempt to answer. It will also attain to reintroduce breast cancer’s definition, history of recovery, signs and causes, statistical information, diagnosis, breast cancer myths, risk factors, as well as, treatment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A 34-year-old woman, named Susan has been told by the family doctor that she has a breast cancer. When she asked about it, the doctor initially explained it as â€Å" a type of cancer that forms in tissues of the breasts, typically in the ducts or the areas where milk goes through till it reaches the nipple, as well as, the lobules or the glands which produces milk † (National.. n.p.). The doctor also told Susan that the aforementioned disease has been observed in Egypt way back in approximately 1600 BC (Wikipedia n.p.). Back then he stated that, â€Å" tumors of the breasts were addressed or treated by cauterization through an instrument they technically refer to as the fire drill though they openly admitted that there is no cure for such † (Wikipedia n.p.). The doctor also added that, centuries later experts found â€Å" a relationship between the lymph nodes found in the armpits and cancer of the breast, in fact, Jean Louis Petit and Benjamin Bell were the first ones to get rid of the lymph nodes, breast tissue, as well as, a primary muscle in the chest † (Wikipedia n.p.). The doctor, to make Susan stay calm, mentioned that such surgery has been very successful thus it was also done by William Halsted during the next century or 1882 to be exact, in fact, until the 1970’s, this procedure remained to be the most successful surgical procedure to address the aforementioned condition (Wikipedia n.p.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Since Susan was complaining about the physical changes in her body that she observed prior to be being diagnosed as having breast cancer, the doctor also told her that the signs and symptoms of breast cancer include the following: First of all, if there is a lump in the breast then there is a possibility that a person has breast cancer (Mayo.. n.p.). Second, there is also a probability that breast cancer may occur if the nipple/s of an individual discharges blood and has a lump that goes along with it (Mayo.. n.p.). Third, there may be an occurrence of breast cancer if there exist a â€Å" retraction, flattening, or indentation of the nipple † (Mayo.. n.p.). Fourth, if the size of the breast and its contours changes, then it is possible that breast cancer is in existence (Mayo.. n.p.). Last but not least, redness of the skin on the breast area may signify breast cancer as well (Mayo.. n.p.). Upon hearing the aforementioned, Susan remembers that she mainly complained about sign & symptoms number one in the right breast, something she has been complaining about for about 16 months.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Susan has been feeling weird and a little scared and so she decided to look into medical and health magazines, internet sites, as well as, books to check if she is going to make it or not, if she’s going to die etcetera and here’s a statistical information that she stumbled upon: 1) â€Å" Deaths brought about by breast cancer already reached forty thousand four hundred sixty (40,460) for females and four hundred fifty for the males (450 )† (National.. n.p.); 2) â€Å" Unfortunately, there are new cases reported as well, there are one hundred seventy eight thousand four hundred eighty (178, 480) females and two thousand and thirty (2,030) males now who currently have breast cancer † (National.. n.p.). And the aforementioned is in the United States only (National.. n.p.); 3) â€Å"In the United Kingdom, on the other hand, twelve thousand four hundred (12,400) individuals or more die each year because of breast cancer† (National.. n.p.). In fact, in 2003 alone, there were forty three thousand and seven hundred fifty six women and there were three hundred thirty five (335) men who were diagnosed and reported to have breast cancer (National.. n.p.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During that time, Susan was also in denial that is why she researched on her own. She found out that: Breast cancer may be diagnosed through the following: 1) breast self-examination; 2) clinical breast exam; 3) mammogram including screening mammograms, diagnostic mammograms; 4) computer-aided detection; 5) digital mammography; 6) magnetic resonance imaging; 7) â€Å"ultrasonography†; 8) ductal lavage; 9) molecular breast imaging; 10) diagnostic procedures like ultrasound; 11) biopsy including fine-needle aspiration biopsy, core-needle biopsy, stereotactic biopsy, wire localization, surgical biopsy; 12) estrogen and progesterone receptor tests; 13) staging tests; and 14) genetic tests (Mayo.. n.p.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During this time, she was already prepared to believe that she really does not have breast cancer because she had a mammogram performed in March 1989 and again in February 1999, wherein, the results both showed that it is normal. Although, she had to try to accept it or at least entertain that it might be true when an ultrasound was also carried out where it was detected that a fibrocystic lump exists and that it was benign. After the detection of the fibrocystic lump, Susan began to reflect on her way of life, what could have caused the lump to exist inside of her body†¦she actually thought that it may be because of her use of deodorants, ‘underwired’ brassieres, stress from work, as well as, injury to the breasts which she got from playing basketball when she was in college and still a part of a varsity team. It is not very surprising that Susan thought of those as the primary reasons for the lump since there are so many myths that are related to breast cancer and some of the most popular ones are the following: First of all, some individuals claim that deodorants bring about breast cancer, however, currently, no studies have been carried out yet that may confirm or deny such belief of some people (Breast.. n.p.).   Second, some people think that wearing ‘underwired’ brassieres bring about cancer (Breast.. n.p.). Just like the first myth though, no evidence have been found to conclude such a statement (Breast.. n.p.). Third, there are individuals who think that stress can bring about breast cancer, however, research studies have not yet been able to establish an extremely clear link to conclude that such is really possible (Breast.. n.p.). Fourth, there are people who claim that â€Å" living near electricity pylons cause breast cancer † but no evidences have been presented ever since that breast cancer may be associated to electricity pylons (Breast.. n.p.).    Fifth, some individuals say that an injury to the breast augments the probability that breast cancer may occur (Breast.. n.p.). However, no evidences have been presented to back up such claim (Breast.. n.p.). Sixth, people claim that females who are young are more likely to be detected with breast cancer (Breast.. n.p.). Well, statistical information denies this, in fact, eighty percent of all the cases in the UK occur in females who are already fifty years old and above (Breast.. n.p.). Seventh, there are individuals who believe that if a person feels pain or discomfort in his or her breasts, then it is already safe to say that an individual is suffering from breast cancer (Breast.. n.p.). However, experts explain that there are so many reasons why breasts may be painful, for instance, this may be related to the menstrual cycle (Breast.. n.p.). Eighth, some people say that getting pregnant increases the probability of suffering from breast cancer later (Breast.. n.p.). On the contrary, experts have found evidence linking early pregnancy to breast cancer risk being reduced (Breast.. n.p.). They also reiterated that the more babies a woman gives birth to then the lower the risk of getting such cancer (Breast.. n.p.). In light of the detection of the lump, instead of getting more focused with the myths, Susan should have gotten a second opinion. If in case she did that, and the biopsy results will show that an â€Å" infiltrating lobular carcinoma † already exists and that it is already in stage IIa then a more extensive treatment would be provided to her. The aforementioned are really just myths, they were never provided with evidences to establish that those are really linked with breast cancer. Susan was told by her doctor that the main risk factors for breast cancer, actually, include the following: 1) age; 2) age of menarche; 3) age at birth of first-born child; 4) biopsies of the breast; 5) family history; 6) occupation; 7) race; 8) hormone replacement therapy, as well as, 9) alcohol (Hales 105). Susan is only thirty four years old, never had any children, used to engage herself in binge drinking during college, and an aunt of hers had breast cancer years ago. As we can see, most of the risk factors are present in Susan’s case. According to the experts Susan spoke to, â€Å" Breast cancer may be annihilated and for that to occur: 1) either lumpectomy or mastectomy should be carried out; 2) radiation may also be helpful; 3) drugs like taxol, taxotere, and herceptin may be taken; 4) chemotherapy; as well as, 5) hormonal therapy may be undergone by the patient † (Hales 105). Because her treatment options have been clearly explained to her, she decided to have a â€Å" right modified radical mastectomy † following a reconstruction immediately (Hales 105). During the surgery â€Å" eight lymph nodes were annihilated and the biopsy gave out a negative result † (Hales 105). After which Susan underwent chemotherapy as part of her post-surgical treatment which made her experience side effects including loss of hair and anorexia (Hales 105). Last but not least, she was also made to take in drugs named Cytoxan and prednisone (Hales 105). Breast Cancer Care. Statistics and Facts About Breast Cancer. 2004. Cancer Research, UK. Hales, D. An Invitation to Health, Eleventh Edition. Boston: Thomson Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Breast Cancer.   29 December 2006. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/breast-cancer/DS00328/DSECTION=2 National Cancer Institute. Breast Cancer. n.d. n.a. 15 June 2007   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/breast Wikipedia. Breast Cancer. 14 June 2007. Wikimedia Foundation Inc., 15 June 2007. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer#History Breast Cancer. (2017, Mar 14).

GENDER AND POLITENESS IN AN ESL LANGUAGE ACADEMIC CONTEXT Research Paper - 1

GENDER AND POLITENESS IN AN ESL LANGUAGE ACADEMIC CONTEXT - Research Paper Example There are several ways in which members of a particular gender express themselves politely. Globally, there are various ways of expressing oneself be it with his/her peers or the elderly, or the use jargon depending on the context, the consideration of all these elements boils down to the varied linguistic expressions of politeness by both males and females Linguistics is the study of language. Language is the total whole of meanings and sound. It is the mode of communication between genders and thus for there to be a sense of politeness in an academic context, the following must be addressed. The context of a school setting is that of a teacher, student and other non teaching staff and due to the different backgrounds students have, the expression of politeness varies between the male and female students Literature review According to (Wehmeier, 2000) politeness are defined as having respect and good manners in consideration of the feelings of others. The theory of linguistic polite ness by Brown and Levinson holds that the individuals face is interpreted as self image seen publicly. (Grundy, 2008) notes that the faces of human beings are properties comparable to self esteem. (Kitamura, 2000) notes that the face notion is classified into two, that is the positive and the negative. On one hand, the positive face represents the similarities that exist between people interacting and appreciate each other’s self image while on the other hand; the negative face represents the desire to be unrestricted. These theorists argue that interact ants mutually aim to maintain each other’s face. (Holmes, 2006) notes that ideally, one can never know what people are feeling or thinking in a conversation, thus try to construe what is conveyed to them through communication For the sake of harmony in a given society, politeness strategy is essential and thus employed in conversations. This is so as (Bowe & Martin, 2007) note that face can be maintained, lost, enhance d and monitored during interactions. According to (Bowe & Martin, 2009) citing Brown and Levinson, the face is threatened by inappropriate behavior or acts. (Holmes, 2006) points out that this situation is assessed through three operational defined factors: the social distance (D) between partners, the ranking of the imposition (R) shared in the word of the appropriate culture and the power (P) of the addressee over the speaker. The seriousness of these acts therefore can be easily measured and assessed. With regard to gender, it argues that women are linguistically more polite than the men. The use of minimal responses like yeah and mhm demonstrates active participation, agreement and therefore used by both sexes. The use of questions for men, normally, it is genuine while for women it’s more of a rhetoric question and therefore use it more for conversation’s sake, with regard to writing, both use it as a literacy tool. In conversation, meaning is determined by the pe rson listening depending on his/her concerns, focus and habits rather than the will intended for. Women seem to attach more weight to the significance of listening rather than men. The use of verbal aggressiveness is used more so by women and physical aggression is used more by men. The issue of self

Anthropology Response Paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Anthropology Response Paper 2 - Essay Example Moreover, man moved into the stage of homohabilis where he used acheulian tools dated about 1.7 million years back. Homo Habilis moved to this stage after gradual improvement over some time. At this stage, they were making more sophisticated stone tools which were sharper and had straight at the edge, and an example is the hand axe. At this stage, the brain size of man is said to have increased and improved in intelligence. However, it is wrong to infer cultural ability from brain size because at this stage, culture was not so much developed given that man had an enlarged brain size. Eventually man advanced to another stage and was given the name Homo erectus, and throughout his geographic range, research has shown that there was progressive improvement over time. The late Homo erectus was found to have complex mental tablets, which guided him in making complex cultural artifacts. When the implements became useful, the reliance on tools increased. Eventually man moved to new subsiste nce and economic patterns, which improved the means and sources of obtaining food. According to paleoneurology, some insights concerning human evolution have been revealed. This study argues that the cranium is unique because it from the growing brain tissue and not cultural ability. This is the same case with bones that aid movement. This study is influenced by neuroscience and has no substantial knowledge on the current functionality of the brain. Essay two Race has been defined by anthropologists under six different groups namely; Ausraloid, mongoloid, Caucasoid, Polynesians, Negroid, and Native Americans. Anthropologists argue that all these members share similar physical characteristics, and they originated from a common point in the world. Biological anthropologists have described the biological variations of man and came to a conclusion that there are three major explanations of variations in human beings. These are natural selection that describes variations in hereditary tr aits, Gene flow that occur because people from a certain population mate with another from a different population, and genetic draft; which is a phenomena that occur when people move one geographical region to another. Today, anthropologists have realized that the racial human map is very different from human genes and that differentiation that exists is political. People are different because of varied environments, which their ancestors inhabited. For example, misunderstanding the concepts brings about power politics and even violence (Haviland, Prins & McBride 298). People receiving direct overhead sunlight like Africans tends to be darker than those from oblique sunlight regions. This is because melanin protects the skin from ultraviolet radiation and people with more melanin live longer than those with less melanin. The advantage with those with less melanin, like Asians and Europeans, is that they absorb more vitamin D from the sun as compared to their colleagues with more mel anin because of poor penetration of sun into their skin. This distinction is significant because we need to understand that race is not a biological definition describing the DNA structure of a person and it is fixed; hence one cannot change it. Race is not considered a valid way of describing human beings. Hence anthropologists h

Disaster Recovery Plan Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Disaster Recovery Plan - Term Paper Example The group is also responsible for the overall direction, decision-making, and approvals required in implementation of Business Continuity Plan in the event of disasters. Following are the member of incident Management Group (Kadlec & Shropshire, 2010) The Emergency Response Team (ERT) shall be responsible for the maintenance & compliance of disaster prevention measures and response in case of a disaster. The ERT shall comprise people from the Administration Department, which will be led by the Head of Department. Recovery Participants (RP) shall actively participate in the activities of resumption of critical business functions of their department. Below are the key responsibilities of an RPs of every department: Non-Recovery Participants (NRPs) shall be used only in case of emergency or as resumption progresses as the Backup Site or Primary Site. They will coordinate with the RPs and wait for their instructions. Below are responsibilities of an NRP of every department: Guster, D., McCann, B., Krzenski, K., & Lee, O. F. (2008). A cost effective, safe, and simple method to provide a disaster recovery plan to small and medium sized businesses. Review of Business Research, 8(4),

A Voyage to America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Voyage to America - Essay Example The south had an agriculturally sustaining economy that made a majority of the profit off the growth and sale of cash crops. Some of the cash crops that were sold were tobacco, sugar, and cotton (cotton was the most profitable of all the crops). In order to fuel the massive agricultural economy, both unskilled labor as well as slaves was used in order to harvest the crops. As a result, I would be able to gain employment on a farm or plantation to work either in exchange for living conditions or for a portion of the crops that I can sell for profit. In addition, depending on the governor of the territory, land was given for Englishmen to develop in exchange for a percentage of the profit that was made from the sales of crops. Owning land means that I would have power, therefore by working for the crown, I would be gaining status through the owning of land, but also profit by the sale of cash crops. In addition, the religious tolerance in the south was more lenient than that of the North. The Puritans who followed a strict, non-semantic view of religion colonized the Northern colonies. Therefore, religious conformity was expected and religious tolerance was at a minimum. In addition, the south had citizens that were loyal to the crown. Thus, the system of government in the south was more traditional as well as represented one of the oldest ruling bodies in the thirteen colonies. The south represented the best alternative for those in England that were not wealthy and did not have the skills to be profitable in other parts of the new world. The sale of cash crops provided economic stability that would extend even past the original thirteen colonies all the way through the civil war. Unlike other portions of the colony, the south offered opportunities that were better due to the style of government and the cultural forces that were at

Answering the Quastion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Answering the Quastion - Essay Example Domestic violence is a social crime because it leads to severe mental problems and psychological breakdowns due to which the victimized spouse is often considered as an abnormal person. Statistics make us think why mostly women are killers in homicides. The reason is the fact that when husbands physically or mentally abuse their wives, the latter develop such mental problems and anxiety disorders that lead them to kill their husbands and get rid of the abuse once and for all. It is not only a social crime but also a religious crime. Bible stops humans to be abusive toward their life partners. Chopp (239) states in her book, â€Å"†¦we recognize that the church is not immune to such problems as alcohol and sexual abuse.† God wants humans to spread peace and live with love, and nurture family system with care and honesty. Hence, domestic abuse is both a social and a religious crime. Question # 4 Christians have developed ways for thinking about those who are different, and this has lead to strikingly different kinds of treatment of different people. For Christians, it is the message of God to spread love and humanity, and to treat all people on equal basis. No person from another socio-economic or cultural background is inferior. No matter what the background is, all people should share the same status and respect. Christianity encourages thinking about different people in a caring way, which should include right kind of treatment of others. For example, America enjoys a diverse population, and people from different cultural, ethnic, and societal backgrounds live with each other. Students from different backgrounds study together in same schools, and this has lead to the promotion of equality and brotherhood. Christianity encourages that people should treat others with kindness, care, love, and concern, so that such a society must be established where no one feels insecure and unstable. â€Å"God has done God’s part and the rest is up to us,â €  says Moore (69). Hence, it is now our responsibility to devise and implement ways and strategies that should be able to treat all humans from different backgrounds on an equal basis. We should promote justice and fairness in the society, and should resist against racial, sexual, and gender discrimination. This is how different people are treated so that they feel loved and accepted in a strange society. Question # 5 We are living in a post-modern world. Post-modernism has made us understand the realities of life more distinctly and truthfully. It started in later twentieth century, and focuses on the reality of things from a critical point of view. Post-modernism also boosts feminism, and rejects the idea of women being kept at homes for household only. Modernism struggled against the home captivity of women, and post-modernism saw the liberation of women. Not only this, post-modernism has given new meaning to arts, culture, social norms, politics, agriculture, and economics. One aspect of post-modernism is that people are no longer ready to accept things as they are. They have started questioning the realities of life, and do not accept ambiguous realities. This has given rise to research and rejection of olden times’ myths and suppositions. For example, the existence of God has been debated upon in the post-modern world, and it has been proved with facts and logics. â€Å"

Enforcement of entertainment laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Enforcement of entertainment laws - Essay Example Compensation Agents earn a compensation for their services at between 5% and 15% of the artist gross earnings from bookings, engagement, or employment secured by the agent. The commission given to the agent may vary depending on the type of work, length of time, popularity of the artist, and state laws. Some state laws stipulate that agents and talent agencies must obtain licences before obtaining commissions, and may be charge a particular maximum amount. Before agents represent an artist, they have to sign contracts (Ronald, 2008). According to Harrison, (2007), attorneys usually assist the artists in handling any contractual negotiations on their behalf, to be certain that the terms of an agreement such as fees and duration are favourable to the artist. Talent agents can sometimes act as managers with no licence and experience, and may negotiate contracts such as recording, publishing, or merchandising contracts for the artist, is like practising law without a licence which can je opardize the artist’s career. Contracts in the music entertainment industry can involve extremely complex legal issues such as a variety of rights, and usually have long term effects on the artist’s career. Conflict of interest may arise where an agent is being paid commission on the artist’s contract. This may make the agents focus on the advance money, at the expense of what they may assume as many details concerning the artist’s royalty calculations, publishing, creative control, production, merchandising, and other long term career issues of the artist. 2.3 Enforcement of entertainment laws State laws, such as California and New York require talent agents to obtain a licence as a form of the artist... This "Music Industry Management (Entertainment Law: Portfolio)" essay outlines the main components of entertainment law. The participation of lawyers in the media has made the media law develop much faster thereby leading to the development of entertainm ent law. Entertainment law refers to a combination of various traditional laws that focus on the provision of legal services to the players in the entertainment industry. The entertainment law combines various slaws such as company law, contract law, and sales of goods law. It is also noteworthy that, artist just setting in business, or fully established in the entertainment industry should consider having an entertainment lawyer in addition to having proper knowledge of their rights as an artist. The entertainment law firms all have different practices as most of the entertainment lawyers have varying areas of specialisation. It is therefore the onus of the artist to identify their needs be it litigation need (litigation attorneys) and or transactional needs (for the transactional attorneys). While the litigation attorney only specialise in defensive and offensive legal action, the transactional attorney s are responsible for facilitating entertainment deals, negotiations, strategi c initiatives as wells as other contractual issues. It is also advisable for artist to running contracts with entertainment law firms in order to enjoy complete legal coverage and legal representation. This should happen before and after legal issues arise because one entertainment lawyer may not provide the perfect coverage.

Outline how legislation, policies and procedures relating to heath Essay Example for Free

Outline how legislation, policies and procedures relating to heath Essay The Health and Safety at work act is a piece of legislation that is responsible for convering all health and safety in britain. However, the health and safety manager at individual establishments are responsible for carrying out the act and making sure everything is in cohearance with the piece of legislation. HASAWA influences health and social care in many different ways such as the protection it now gives to employers and employees, before this piece of legislation was made people had no legal protection whilst they were at work. HASAWA influences health and social as it tells the owner of a business, or establishment, what they need to be doing to make sure they are working in accordance to the legislation. Everyone has the duty to comply with the act, this includes employers, employees, trainees, self employed, manufacturers, suppliers ect. This legislation keeps people safe as it provides people with the instuctions to make their establishments safe for themselves and their employees. HASAWA tells owners to carry out a risk assessment which points out the hazards that need to be changed and/or fixed. An example of legislation influencing a health and care setting is The Manual Handling Operations regualtion. MHOR is always thought to be the last resort, and only if there is a possibility of injury. Legislation tells emplyers and employees how to move and handle things appropriately and when it is and isn’t appropriate to move and handle things. Employers must carry out risk assessments before opening a business to find if there are any faults or dangers to the customers or employees. There must be a health and safety policy written specifically for that setting and someone must be employed to be in charge of health and safety. Everything in the establishment must be insured incase accidents occur. Employees must take responsibility of your own and other peoples health and  safety and not do anything that could cause someones health and safety to be put at risk. This influences the setting as it keeps people working or entering the setting safe and gives them the appropri ate instructions to keep them as safe as possible. It keeps people safe as it provides instructions and regulations that must be followed to keep everyone safe, and if everyone follows these regulations and instructions then their safety and health will be safe. Food Safety Act 1990 The Food Safety Act 1990 is a frame for all food legislation in Britain. Responsibilities for food businesses include: Ensuring you do not include anything in food or remove anything from food making it a hazard to the health of people consuming it. Advertising food in a way that isn’t misleading or false. The food safety act influences health in many different ways, it gives environmental health the right to inspect the quality of food, the place it is prepared and the place it is served and if it is not up to standard they have the power to close the establishment, in extreme cases. Before the establishment is closed down they are served a notice of improvement or be temporaraly closed until the standards are back up. Without the Food Safety Act food would be able to be served to you in any conditon, and if you became ill from that food you could not retain any form of compensation because there is no legislation telling the establishment how to cook, prepare and serve food safely. Employers and employees must make sure food is safe to eat, make sure they don’t add, remove or treat food in a way that makes it harmful to eat, make sure the quality of the food is the same as it is advertised or expected by the customer, Keep track of where the food was bought, if unsafe food is discovered it needs to be recorded and removed and tell people why the food has been recalled. There must be hand wash at all sinks and hands must be washed before touching food, after touching food, after using the toilet, after touching animals, after touching your own skin and hair, after sneezing or coughing and after touching raw food. Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 RIDDOR is the piece of legislation that states all injuries, diseases, illnesses need to be reported to either the health and safety executive or  the local council. RIDDOR is put in place so that health and safety executives can look at where the risks occur and can take steps to prevent them. There are of course only certain injuries and dangerous occuurences that need to be reported, things such as violence at work, gas leaks, injuries that have occured during work or in the work place. RIDDOR also benefits people who have been injured at work and want compensation, health and safety executives follow up on the case and evaluate if the acdicent was because of the employee being put at risk or if they didnt follow procedure. The employers responsibility is to maintain the safety of their employees customers and they have the responsibility to report if an employee or customer has been injured whilst at wor k or in the establishment. Without RIDDOR, injuries caused in the workplace could not be claimed upon and the hazard could not be found and removed, if the hazard isn’t removed then people will be continuously be getting injured. The incidents need to be written in an accident book and should inlude the date and time of injury, the name of the worker, a description of the accident, action taken and the result. Slips, Trips, Falls Slips, trips and falls are the most common causes of major injuries in the work place. Most trips are caused by uneven or un-maintained floors, and slips are usually cased by wet floors. However, slips, trips and falls can be prevented if the right preventions and procedures are put into place and followed. The employers responsibilities are to make sure the floors serface is even and maintained, decreasing the risk of trips, all obstructions in hallways and on floors are removed and stored properly, this also decreases the risk of trips. All spillages should be immediately cleaned up using the appropriate method, usually a cloth or mop, and a wet floor sign should be appointed if needed, this decreases the risk of slips. Staffs responsibilities are to wear safe and sensible footwear which have good grip, and they must also keep their work stations clear and tidy, also both staff and service users have the responsibility to report obstructions and spillages if not recognised. The pol icy put in place ifluences health and care as it prevents the risks of slips, trips and falls, without it there would be no procedures to influence staff to remove the risks, such as obsticles that may cause trips. If staff, employees and the service users don’t follow the policies put in place then the risks of accidents will be raised, and if an accident does occur and they haven’t followed the procedures they were responsible to follow then they can’t claim any form of compensation.

Explore Travelling Constraints People Face Tourism Essay

Explore Travelling Constraints People Face Tourism Essay Various number of research studies explore travelling constraints people face. In contrast to motivations that push people towards travelling, the overshadowing constraints of traveling could prevent the travelers from engaging in travel although the motivation may perhaps exist (Page and Hall, 2003). Financial Considerations In 2007(DSS, 2008), it was presumed that the income of an individual has a relationship with the number of foreign trips made by him/her yearly. Key findings (DSS, 2005) discovered that the household income of an individual is a critical factor that influences the choice of travelers while deciding the amount of money he/she would spend in travelling for each trip. A study in consumer behavior revealed that people of higher income are likely to explore more for products/services information (Andereck and Caldwell, 1994; Runyon and Stewart, 1987; Robertson, Zielinski and Ward, 1984; Newman, 1977). Heung and Chu (2000) found that tourists with lower income are more concerned about the pricing in comparison to tourists with higher income. In Zhang et al. (2004)s research also stated that respondents with higher income considered travel cost less significant than the lower income groups. Travel expenditure patterns play a fundamental role for travel planners and destination marketers (Jang et al., 2004). The rise in international tourism expenditure had reached 5.6% (adjusted for exchange rate fluctuations and inflation) in 2007, (WTO, 2008). WTO stated that almost 80 countries received more than USD1 million from international tourism in 2007. Hong et al. (2005) revealed that monetary factors specify a notable positive correlation between income and travel spending. Nicolau and Mas (2006), suggest that at the time of selecting a destination for travelling, the motivations of a tourist pacify the effect of prices. A particular group of people is reluctant to pay more for costly places where family or friend dwells, however they are keen to pay to explore new places. According to Nicolau and Mas (2006), travelers who are opting for culture are commonly more willing to pay higher prices, while those looking for climate are less eager. Whilst the majority of travelers spend consciously, there appears to be a tendency of people choosing a destination which offers better exchange rate so more could be spend while paying less. Dwyer, Forsyth and Rao (2002) recommended that price competitiveness is a general concept covering price discrepancies coupled with exchange rate movements and qualitative factors that have an effect on the attractiveness of a destination. The exchange rate movements have largely been altered by the structure of price within respective countries, which has resulted in either an increase or drop in price in travelling segment. In addition, their study discovered that countries like Thailand, Indonesia and Turkey took the advantage from the devaluation of their respective currencies which were compensated by the increases in the consumer prices in these countries. Whereas, Zhang et al. (2009) concluded that other factors remained constant, the chief motivation for a traveler would be the decline i n currency of the domestic market. For example, the higher the US dollar to Thai baht, the more probability of tourists to choose Thailand as their destination as tourists expenditures could be a lot lesser than USA or Europe countries. Distance and Time According to Nicolau and Mas (2006), the significant influence of distance on travelers motivations is balanced out at the time of deciding the destination to travel. The research carried out in Spain concluded that the traveler has a preference for shorter distances and is not inclined towards extended and time-consuming journeys. Nonetheless, travelers favor longer trips if they are visiting their family or friend or exploring new places. While some of the likely causes of short distance travelling could be lack of time availability or economic constraints. Zhang et al. (1999)s study revealed that people with higher income have a tendency to opt for longer journeys, however the correlation is not linear and the higher the tourists perceive their incomes the longer will be the travelling distance. Safety, Security and Visa Issues Mansfeld and Pizam (2006) suggest that travelers may possibly have safety and security concerns because of issues such as war, civil unrest, terrorism, disease, crime (specifically theft), catastrophes caused by human or technical error, natural disasters, and dangerous wildlife. Beirman (2003) stated that the key determinant in travelers choices to go visit a destination is the perception of safety and security. Researchers say that episodes like the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, SARS in March 2003, Tsunami in December 2004 and Swine Flu influenza in April 2009 had tremendously damaged and threatened the travel and tourism industry. Regarding this, Dickman (2003) pointed out that the lack of confidence in an individual could be one of the possible reasons that they are expected to respond strongly on negative conditions like epidemics, disasters and terrorism. Pakistan faced the most prominent plummet in visa issuance for USA after the terrorist attack on the World Trade Centre. In 2002, the number of tourist and immigrant visas issued to Pakistani citizens fell approximately 70 percent and 40 percent respectively, in comparison to 2001. International tourism to America chopped down for nearly three years following 2001 incident. The total number of Americans who traveled internationally also decreased past 9/11, the Office of Travel and Tourism Industries reports (Jason and Dalia, 2011). Even though travel surveys time after time discover that safety and security are vital concerns among travelers (Poon and Adams, 2000), the latest research conducted by Valencia and Crouch (2008) testing travelers response to risk uncovered that 33% of the surveyed respondents would go ahead as planned regardless; 21% would decide to relocate to another safer destination and 19% would delay their trip. On the contrary with a natural disaster, 36% preferred to reschedule their trip and 19% chose to go to a safer destination and 15% would go ahead with their trips as planned. Likewise, the results in Rittichainuwat and Chakraborty (2009) carried out in Thailand, also discovered that a mean of 2.89 respondents were not put off entirely (by travel risks or epidemics but would decide to visit another safer destination (mean=3.56). Moreover, PATA and Visa (2008) study proved that out of 52% of travelers whose travel plan has been affected by the economic crisis, 75% would switch to less co stly destinations and 31% would delay their trips. In the survey by Zhang et al.(2004), Hong Kong natives identified epidemics as a main aspect while travelling, followed by safety, disaster, good value for money, political and social environments. Pakistanis face the visa restrictions when travel to USA. There is also a lot of abhorrence for USA in Pakistani society because of the losses of their lives during war on terror (Shahnaz, 2012) Edgell (1994) specifies that outbound tourists are commonly affected by different governmental policies and restrictions of various countries. Particularly rules regarding the imposition of restrictions such as limited visa grants, exit visa requirements, limited access to foreign currency and restricted allowances for foreign travel services are widespread. Socio-demographic constraints Researchers suggest that socio cultural, demographic and economic features like nature of society i.e. patriarchal or matriarchal, age, family life cycle stage, influence of family, education, profession, economic position and self-concept also influence decision making in travelling. Constraints in travelling choices are principally linked to gender, life cycle and cultural factors (Jackson, 1991; Shaw, 1994). Factors like family, work, domestic responsibilities, determine the quantity and quality of time accessible for traveling and act as constrictions for some individuals. Although constraining features affect both genders, the extent to which either gender is affected is poles apart. The limitations operate on females more than on males (Sonia, 2011). Apostolopoulos and Sonmez (2001) propose that despite the fact that womens travel patterns and trends reflect their individual societal customs and principles, cultural or religious limitations in regards to their societal positions and socio economic restrictions are expected to decide their travel capabilities and methods (Bartos, 1982; Myers and Moncreif, 1978; Schul and Crompton, 1983; Van Raaij Francken, 1984). In accordance with tourism decision making research DeCrop (2005) has explained the family as a Decision Making Unit (DMU) in which fundamental decisions of life are discussed. When it comes to travelling decisions, in addition to family, close social circles e.g. friends etc. possibly signify significant DMUs as well. The value of family and the influence of each family member are crucial in deciding the liberty that one associate exercises in making independent decisions. The findings, however, point out that females are by and large more controlled by family responsibilities and approvals than males. It is evident that lesser the limitations operating on an individual the more will be the participation in traveling (Sonia, 2011).

Marriage and Love in Elizabethan England Essays -- European History Es

Marriage and Love in Elizabethan England The movie, Shakespeare in Love, provides insight into the world of Elizabethan England. Through the character of Viola De Lessups the audience is shown how marriage was an institution entered into not for love, but as a strategic maneuver designed to enhance the lives of those who would benefit from a union, whether or not the beneficiaries were the people actually exchanging vows. As Queen, Elizabeth I chose not to enter into such a union. She expressed the thoughts and feelings she had about the subject in both her speech, â€Å"On Marriage† and her poem â€Å"On Monsieur’s Departure.† A comparison of the character of Viola to the real life Queen of England, Elizabeth I, can provide the reader a greater understanding of marriage and love in Elizabethan England. Queen Elizabeth and Viola both realized that their station in life would determine their prospects for marriage. Elizabeth had the power to decide not to marry. Viola’s marriage to Wessex decided for her as â€Å"a daughter’s duty and the Queen’s command†(Shakespeare).[2] Viola is the daughter of a wealthy merchant and while she is â€Å"not so well born† she is, as her nurse points out, â€Å"Well moneyed† which â€Å"is the same as well born† and â€Å"well married is more so† (Shakespeare). Likewise, Elizabeth knew that if the Queen of England were to marry she would have to make a union that would benefit her country. She felt pressure from Parliament to marry and addressed it in her speech, â€Å"On Marriage†, given to Parliament in 1559. She assured them that they could put that idea â€Å"clean out of [their] heads† for â€Å"whensoever it may please God to incline [her] heart to anothe r kind of life,† she intended â€Å"not to do... ...n that she understood that duty prevented her from such a marriage. In her poem, â€Å"On Monsieur’s Departure† she allows a glimpse into the pain it caused her to be unable to fully pursue a life of love. Works Cited: [1] William Shakespeare, â€Å"Sonnet CXVI†, The Longman Anthology of British Literature: The Early Modern Period, ed. David Damrosch, 2nd ed., vol 1B (NewYork: Longman, 2003) 1233-34. [2] Shakespeare in Love, dir. John Madden, Perf. Gwyneth Paltrow, Joseph Fiennes. Mirimax/Universal, 1998. [3] Elizabeth I, â€Å"On Marriage,† The Longman Anthology of British Literature: The Early Modern Period, ed. David Damrosch, 2nd ed., vol 1B (NewYork: Longman, 2003) 1084-85. [4] Elizabeth I, â€Å"On Monsieur’s Departure,† The Longman Anthology of British Literature: The Early Modern Period, ed. David Damrosch, 2nd ed., vol 1B (NewYork: Longman, 2003) 1081-82.

Movie Review: Yentl Essay -- essays research papers

Movie Review: Yentl Everyone at one time or another has felt out of place. Feeling unsure of one's place in society is an experience that every young adult faces but deals with differently. Some rebel while others comply with whatever has been set out for them by society or their parents, or both. The role of the woman in society is forever changing. Where women were once obligated to stay in the home and dote on their husbands, they are now working in the same types of jobs as their husbands. What was typically the male role has been blurred and practically obliterated. Religious roles have followed society's lead in their evolution. For example, since its creation over five thousand years ago, the Jewish religion has evolved in some movements to involve women and men equally in ceremonies. The orthodox movement has always remained traditional in its belief that women have their place in the home, cooking and raising children, and serving their husbands. Education remains the man's duty. The movie Yentl starring Barbara Streisand, shows this traditional belief through its plot, characterization, music, lights, camera angles, and symbolism. Set in Eastern Europe in 1904, Yentl captures the essence of the Jewish woman's eternal struggle. It is the story of a young girl, in love with learning but forbidden to do so by Jewish tradition. Upon her father's death, Yentl disguises herself as a boy to attend a yeshiva (religious school) and continue her studies. She befriends Avigdor, a male scholar at the yeshiva, and falls in love with him. Driven by her love for him, Yentl will do all that she can to ensure that he is near her and that her secret is not revealed. Yentl struggles with her secret until the day she can no longer remain silent. She tells Avigdor what she has done, and of her love for him, but he cannot accept a woman who refuses to act as a traditional woman should. So Yentl departs for America in hope of a different mentality, but never forgetting her love for Avigdor and all that she has learned. Based on Isaac Bashevis Singer's acclaimed short story, "Yentl, the Yeshiva Boy," the story is somewhat unrealistic but serves its purpose in proving a point; the point being that women have always been just as capable as men in studying and education, an... ...e bird, is able to soar - through the prejudices of her traditions and through the world of knowledge for which she so longs. She displays this thought in the last line of the movie when she sings "Papa watch me fly." As well, when Yentl transforms herself into Anshel, the boy, she looks at herself in a cracked mirror and cuts her hair. This displays her uncertainty of herself and her place in Jewish society, and the cutting of her hair symbolizes her transformation and the beginning of a new life for her. Symbolism throughout the film, contributes to the film's theme of self-discovery and role reversal. The plot, characterization, lighting, camera angles, and symbolism reveal thoroughly the plot of this highly thought-evoking film. The plot mainly contributes to proving that a woman's place is not solely in the home. That "story books for women, sacred books for men", as the bookseller says at the beginning of the story, is not an accurate assessment of a woman's intellectual capabilities. Because of Barbara Streisand's fabulous and complete characterization of Yentl, this movie comes to life and touches the hearts of its viewers.

Dangers of Social Networking Sites Essay -- Social Networking

Is the current craze of these ubiquitous social networking sites becoming too much to handle? Some say yes, others might disagree. Social networking was created to connect friends and family together. Now, many predators use sites such as Facebook or Myspace to find their prey. This is the source of what parents are stressing about to their children. While many who use social media are enjoying meeting new people, they are also becoming distant from contact with real people and they are involved in a very surprising and dangerous environment. Around 2005, Myspace and Facebook were popping up on many computer screens; they allowed people to create a profile and share everything about themselves to the whole world. When social sites first were developed, they only linked people by their name and address. Since sites such as Xanga, Tagged, and Facebook were gaining so much popularity, more users were logging on, and online predators are becoming a problem. These sites are so easy, that it is not that hard for predators to â€Å"pose† as another person and trick young adults. It is extremely difficult to differentiate the real person that you are looking for from a fake. Young adults claim that social networks can help them connect with their friends and family, and also â€Å"meet like-minded people† ( Metz, par. 1). In some cases, business people such as Ron West, claim that he uses Facebook â€Å"to become acquainted with new customers†( par. 8). Yes, these types of websites are great tools to stay in touch with old classmatesand faraway family members. It is a great source of communication, but there is always a con to every pro. Even though users are connecting with others, users of social networks never know exact... ...r stepsister Jordan. She boarded a plane to the Middle East not knowing what to expect. Of course her parents had figured out, and sent the police to come after Katherine. Katherine had put herself into a dangerous situation because she was getting engaged to a person that she had met on Myspace! She had never even met Abdullah before. A lesson that she should have learned when she was young, was to never speak to strangers. Social networking is becoming increasingly popular which creates more users. These sites contribute to people having faux emotions and more danger also arises. Do users of these sites want to put themselves in dangerous situations like Megan or Katherine? Or do they want to build up a strong relationship with someone and be crushed because it was never real. So be careful when social media is unexpected and dangerous.

H2 HISTORY A LEVELS PAST YEAR QUESTIONS Essay

PAST YEAR QUESTIONS PAPER 2: Southeast Asian History (9731/02) Section A: Source-Based Questions - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  [2007] [2008] [2009] [2010] [2011] [2012] Success and failure of ASEAN in the early years ASEAN and the Financial Crisis of 1997 The formation of ASEAN Vietnam’s membership of ASEAN ASEAN’s strengths and weaknesses Reasons for the formation of ASEAN Section B: Essay Questions 1. How Independence Was Achieved 1A. Pre-War Nationalism - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  [2007] ‘Before 1941, little had been achieved by nationalist movements across SEA.’ Discuss. Achievements of nationalists [2008] ’Ideology was more important than religion and culture for the growth of nationalist movements in the period before WWII.’ How far do you agree? Reasons for nationalism [2009] Assess the view that the rise of nationalist movements, before, WWII, was a reaction by the governed to economic exploitation. Reasons for nationalism [2010] How effectively did colonial governments deal with the challenge of nationalist movements in Southeast Asia in the period before WWII? Colonial strategies [2011] Assess the progress made by SEA nationalist movements in the period prior to WWII. Achievements of nationalists [2012] ‘The measures taken by colonial governments in SEA before WWII merely postponed the eventual success of nationalist movements.’ How far do you agree? Colonial strategies 1B. Japanese Occupation/ Post-War Nationalism - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  [2007] Did the USA help or hinder the cause of nationalist movements in SEA in the period following WWII? International support for decolonisation [2008] How far was the process of decolonization affected by the Cold War? International circumstances for decolonisation [2009] To what extent was the Japanese Occupation of Southeast Asia, during WWII, the turning point in the development of nationalist movements? Jap Occ as turning point – helped/ hindered nationalists? icedvovos Page 1 26/11/12 - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  [2010] Which method was the most effective in the struggle for independence in the years from 1945: collaboration or resistance? Decolonisation strategies [2011] ‘Nationalist movements in SEA had high quality leadership.’ How far does this explain the end of colonial rule? Role of nationalists in decolonization (mass support, allaying fears, military leadership) [2012] Assess the view that resistance to the Japanese Occupation had the greatest impact on the nationalist movements in SEA. Resistance vs. collaboration 2. Challenges To Independent SEA States 2A. Political Structures - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  [2007] How successful were attempts to establish democracy in the newly independent states of Southeast Asia? Success of democratic governments [2008] ‘Democratic government is not suited to Southeast Asia.’ Discuss with reference to the newly independent states of Southeast Asia. Success/ failure of democratic governments [2009] How significant was the Communist influence on the politics of Southeast Asian states since independence? Influence of communism [2011] How democratic have Southeast Asian governments been since independence? Measures of democracy [2012] Why have levels of military intervention in politics been higher in some states than others in SEA since independence? Reasons for military intervention 2B. Economic Development - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  [2007] Assess the causes of the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis Causes of AFC [2010] To what extent was the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997 the result of economic mismanagement by Southeast Asian states? Causes of AFC [2011] How effective has the role of governments been in promoting economic development in independent Southeast Asian states? Effectiveness of government economic strategy [2012] To what extent was the financial crisis in Asia in 1997 the result of currency speculation? Causes of AFC 2C. National Unity - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  [2008] Assess the view that education was more important than language and religion in helping to create a national identity in newly independent states. Education vs. language and religion [2009] Assess the view that the policies of newly independent states towards minorities have been a major cause of political instability. Effects of minority policies icedvovos Page 2 26/11/12 - ­Ã¢â‚¬  [2010] Assess the view that language and religion were more important than multiculturalism in creating national unity in independent Southeast Asian states. Language and religion vs. multiculturalism 3. Regional Conflicts And Cooperation 3A. Inter-state Tensions - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  - ­Ã¢â‚¬  [2007] How successful have Southeast Asian nations been in resolving tensions that have arisen between them? Resolution [2008] ‘Ideology has been the main cause of interstate tensions in Southeast Asia.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Causes [2009] How effectively have newly independent states in Southeast Asia dealt with territorial disputes between them? Resolution [2010] ‘Interstate tensions led to greater unity between independent Southeast Asian states in regional cooperation and security.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Consequences [2011] ‘The most serious causes of interstate tensions in Southeast Asia have been racial and religious in nature.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Causes [2012] How important have territorial disputes been in causing inter-state tensions between SEA states since independence? Causes Untested Areas - ­Ã¢â‚¬  Pre-War Nationalism: Aims of early nationalist movements, nature of movements - ­Ã¢â‚¬  Political Structures: Failure of communism - ­Ã¢â‚¬  Economic Development: Economic challenges encountered and strategies adopted, role of different communities - ­Ã¢â‚¬  National Unity: National symbols, ideology - ­Ã¢â‚¬  Inter-state: Cold War, economic, historical factors icedvovos Page 3 26/11/12

A Good Parent

A Good Parent How to be a good parent? During this period, raising children is the most difficult job in the world. But to be a good parent will teach them to become a nice person. So the most important quality of a good parent is being responsible for their children. There are several qualities of a good parent. The three most important qualities of a good parent are express love, helping your children feel safe, and spending a time with your children. The first quality of good parents is express love. A good parent should tell their children that they love them every day.For example, they express their love by giving lots of hugs and some kisses. A parent should give them more attention and love. Because many children look for this kinds of favor from parents. If a parent expresses love to them then they will get along with their parents. They will start communicating and tell everything to you. Try to love your children completely do not force them to love you. They should be in o rder to earn your love. For example, let them know that you will always love them no matter what. The second quality of good parents is helping your children feel safe. A good parent should give children some privacy and respect.For example, if you teach them that you can come to ours room but stay out of line. Also teach them if you enter someone’s room then you cannot look through theirs drawers or read their diary. Do not argue with your spouse while they are sleeping. Because sometimes children may feel worried and scared. So from this they can learn to argue with someone. Therefore show them that when someone argues with them then they can discuss their differences peacefully. A good parent should set boundaries. For example, bedtimes, and curfews so they know that parents care and try to make feel safe by the boundaries.The third quality of good parents is spending a time with your children. It is necessary for parents should spend time with children. A parent should ta ke some time from work and spend time with them by attending a school function, do homework with them, and visit their teacher at the open house. If a parent spends time with children they will love it and they will remember that my parents attended my school function. Spend time with children thirty minutes every day. Try to spend time during dinner and talk big and small problems with them. Try to go out for blowing, plan a vacation, a visit to grandparents, and many more things.By spending time with them they will try to communicate more and tell every big or small problem with you. They also start caring about you and give more respect. The most important thing is to try to forget your job work when you come home. Spend time with your children as much you can. In short, there are several qualities of a good parent. The three most important qualities of a good parent are express love, helping you children feel safe, and spending a time with you children. (need to add final commen t in conclusion otherwise everythings is prefect)

Development programme Essay

12 minutes run on the Treadmill in level 11.5 and 5 minutes cycling a steady pace.  12 minutes run on the Treadmill, in level 11.5 with 5 minutes cycling at a steady pace  Circuit training programme which we will include 1 minute cycling at a fast pace rest for 2 minutes, 1minutes sprint with 1 minute rest and back to the cycling. This will go 4 times.  And finally cycling for 5 minutes in a steady pace to get rid off lactic acid. Bicep curls, Triceps push down, Bench press, seated leg extension and seated leg curl all of this, 3 sets of 15 repetitions with 1 minute rest between sets and 2 minutes rest between different exercises. Keeping the same weight as last session.  Bicep curls, Triceps push down, Bench press, seated leg extension and seated leg curl all of this, 3 sets of 15 repetitions with 1 minute rest between sets and 2 minutes rest between different exercises. Keeping the same weight as last session. Bicep curls, Triceps push down, Bench press, seated leg extension and seated leg curl all of this, 3 sets of 12 repetitions with 1 minute rest between sets and 2 minutes rest between different exercises, this week we will only increase 1 kg in every exercise.  Passive stretches on the less flexible muscles with serious extension to see a good improvement (groin, hamstring, quadriceps, back, biceps, triceps, gastrocnemius and gluteus). All will be kept for 45 seconds. Passive stretches on the less flexible muscles with serious extension to see a good improvement (groin, hamstring, quadriceps, back, biceps, triceps, gastrocnemius and gluteus). All will be kept for 45 seconds.  Passive stretches and static stretches in every muscle (groin, hamstring, quadriceps, back, biceps, triceps, gastrocnemius and gluteus). All will be kept for 50 seconds.  I think this week really will help to maintain a good cardiovascular development and a good muscular strength. In both fitness components I’ve increased some type of resistance such as doing the really hard session in Friday for cardiovascular and adding 1 kilogram per exercise in the muscular strength training. I think the flexibility exercises I developed, will really help to see a difference in next week’s sessions. Next week I will increase 10 seconds in each stretch to see if week 4 really helped him to improve.  This wee I’m going to focus in two things, muscular strength and cardiovascular system. As its one more week left for the training programme to be finished, I am concentrate on the two major things that need improvement. To improve my cardiovascular I will do a Fartlek training session and a hard weight session by adding more weights, in Wednesday, everything it’s going to be a normal week and in Friday I will do an interval training to prepare for next week hard sessions and I will also do a very hard session for muscular endurance. For flexibility I will maintain adding seconds but won’t focus as much at it.  Monday  Wednesday  Friday  Fartlek training programme which will last 12 minutes and will be done in the athletic centre. It will have serious changes of speed every 3 minutes. A bike session of 2 minutes as harder as possible.  12 minutes run on the Treadmill, in level 12 and 5 minutes cycling at a steady pace  In this session a Interval session is being produces which will be jogging for 10 minutes, then do 3Ãâ€"100 sprint with a rest between of 1 minute jogging and finishing with another 10 minutes run. Finally cycling for 5 minutes in a steady pace.  Bicep curls, Triceps push down, Bench press, seated leg extension and seated leg curl all of this, 3 sets of 15 repetitions with 1 minute rest between sets and 2 minutes rest between different exercises. Adding 2 more kilos for the duration of the whole session. Bicep curls, Triceps push down, Bench press, seated leg extension and seated leg curl all of this, 3 sets of 15 repetitions with 1 minute rest between sets and 2 minutes rest between different exercises. Keeping the same weight as last session.  Bicep curls, Triceps push down, Bench press, seated leg extension and seated leg curl all of this, 3 sets of 12 repetitions with 1 minute rest between sets and 2 minutes rest between different exercises. Adding another 2 kilos for the duration of the whole session. Passive stretches on the less flexible muscles and static stretches on more flexible group muscles (groin, hamstring, quadriceps, back, biceps, triceps, gastrocnemius and gluteus). All will be kept for 50 seconds.  Passive stretches on the less flexible muscles and static stretches on more flexible group muscles (groin, hamstring, quadriceps, back, biceps, triceps, gastrocnemius and gluteus). All will be kept for 50 seconds. Passive stretches on the less flexible muscles and static stretches on more flexible group muscles (groin, hamstring, quadriceps, back, biceps, triceps, gastrocnemius and gluteus). All will be kept for 55 seconds.  I think this session can really help obtain a difference for the last week of the development programme. Making him work in the cardiovascular system as much, will help him psychological and physically to be more determine in sports, as he put all his effort in this week session and hopefully was done perfectly, with motivation and confidence. Flexibility stood the same but we added 5 more minutes in the last session so we can see an improvement in next weeks last session.